"十三五"末,浙江省外购电的总量约占负荷总量的40%,其中特高压交、直流输电容量约为30%。若特高压电力不参与电网调峰,2020年浙江电网最大调峰缺口将超过4 800 MW,调峰形势十分严峻。为此,以调峰充裕度为评价指标,研究了特高压交、直流单一电力参与调峰和联合参与调峰的必要性,并提出特高压电力调峰建议。

The imported electricity accounts for about 40%of the total electrical load of Zhejiang Province by the end of the Thirteenth Five-year Plan, and the UHV AC and DC transmission capacity accounts for about 30%. The maximum gap of peaking shaving will be over 4 800 MW in 2020 , if the UHV AC and DC power does not participate in peak load shaving of Zhejiang power system , and the situation of peak shaving would be serious. In this paper, the necessity of the UHV power single-participating and combined-participating in peak load shaving is investigated by using peak shaving abundance as the evaluation index. Suggestions on peak shaving of UHV electric power are put forward.

大量随机波动性电源接入给电力系统运行充裕性带来了显著影响,如何准确评估运行充裕性以及基于运行充裕性进行调度决策是新能源电力系统运行面临的新问题。以风电为例,同时考虑来自电源和负荷的双侧随机因素,将传统可靠性指标改进推广到短期运行充裕性评估中,并在此基础上提出了一个新的充裕性指标,对指标的数学含义和计算方法进行了讨论。以含风电电力系统的机组组合为例,研究所提指标在短期运行充裕性决策中的应用。算例首先对RBTS系统进行了运行充裕性评估,其次给出了所提充裕性指标约束下的机组组合方案。结果表明,所提指标能够更准确地刻画随机因素对系统运行充裕性的影响,基于充裕性指标的机组组合决策能够给出不同充裕性水平下的机组启停方案和出力计划以及对应的系统充裕性量化值。研究成果为随机波动性电源大规模接入电力系统的短期运行充裕性问题提供了一套评估指标和评估方法。

ABSTRACT:Grid-connection of a lot of randomly fluctuating renewable resources greatly impacts the operation adequacy of power grid, so how to accurately assess the operation adequacy and the operation adequacy based scheduling decision are the new problems that the power grid containing new energy resources has to be faced with. Taking the wind farm for example and considering the bilateral random factors from power resources and load, several traditional reliability evaluation indexes are improved and spread into short-term operation adequacy assessment, and on this basis a new adequacy index is proposed and the mathematical meaning and calculation method of the proposed new index are discussed. Taking the unit commitment containing wind power system as example, the application of the proposed index in the decision of short-term operation adequacy is researched. In the case study, firstly the adequacy assessment of RBTS is performed, and then a unit commitment scheme under the constra

风柴储孤岛发电系统中,储能容量和充放电功率参数的不同选择将直接影响孤岛系统的供电质量和供电可靠性。为满足风柴储系统的供电充裕性,且避免因储能参数选择不当而导致系统经济性变差,需要合理选择储能装置的参数。在风柴储孤岛系统中,基于风电功率对负荷的满足程度,提出风柴储系统风电机组选型方法。基于风柴储孤岛发电系统对负荷的供电充裕性,定义了电量正负对序列,提出风柴储孤岛系统储能参数前推回代计算方法,并建立孤岛系统储能参数前推回代计算模型及系统充裕性评估模型。通过所提方法与传统充裕性评估方法的比较分析,证实了所提方法的正确性和有效性。

Different selection of rated capacity and charging/discharging power parameters will directly affect the power supply quality and system reliability for an isolated wind-diesel-storage system (WDSS).In order to meet the power supply adequacy of WDSS and improve the system economy,suitable energy storing devices (ESD) selection should be made.Thus,a method for the selection of a wind turbine generator(WTG)type in a WDSS is presented based on the meeting degree of power output of WTG to load.A forward/backward sweep method for ESD selection is presented based on the power supply adequacy of WDSS,and an adequacy evaluation model for an isolated WDSS is developed.Comparisons between the proposed method and the traditional adequacy evaluation algorithm have verified the correctness and validity of the proposed method.

将充裕控制问题按事件序列、相继事件、非预防性控制决策、预防性调度决策逐步解耦。基于防御代价及剩余风险之和最小的原则,从下到上逐层扩大优化范围,搜索代价性能比值最低的措施组合来满足运行充裕性,并迭代求取准优解。对各事件序列,按其概率与功率缺额之卷积值从大到小的顺序处理;同一个事件序列内的不同事件则按发生的顺序处理。若某级备用不够(或太多),则在较低级别(或较高级别)中按代价性能比从小到大(或从大到小)选择升级(或降级)对象,并指定其调度执行时刻。若充裕性事件发生时的瞬时备用不足,就需要实施紧急控制或校正控制来避免不受控的大停电。

An operation adequacy control task is decoupled stepwise in terms of event sequences,cascading events,non-preventive control, and preventive dispatch. Based on the minimum cost-performance-ratio principle, the searches are performed from the bottom up to provide suitable operation adequacy of the minimum defense costs and remaining risks. Iterations may be needed to obtain a global quasi-optimum result.The convolution value of power shortage with respect to the probability is used for ranking the different sequences;the optimization is conducted for each sequence in the descending order of the convolution value.Inside a sequence,the individual events are dealt with in the chronological order.If there is a lack of (or an excess of)reserve capacity within a certain grade,the objects for reserve capacity dispatch are selected for upgrading(or downgrading) from the lower (or the higher) grade,and the optimal executing time is also decided.In case of insufficient instantaneous reserve capac

利用元分析方法对采用“中国城市居民主观幸福感量表简本”(SWBS-CC20)以大学生为被试的研究成果进行分析，结果表明：大学生总体主观幸福感显著低于全国常模；大学生主观幸福感总体水平无差异；文理科大学生、男女大学生主观幸福感总体水平均无差异；女生家庭氛围体验满意度优于男生，理科生目标价值体验满意度劣于文科生；学位论文报告的大学生知足充裕因子与全国常模相比较的差异要大于期刊文献与全国常模的差异；大学生知足充裕、社会信心、成长进步、自我接受4个因子与全国常模之间的差异随着数据收集年份的推移而越来越大；地域因素对大学生主观幸福感无影响。

A meta-analysis was applied to determine the level of college students’subjective well-being and the local scale,Subjective Well-being Scale for Chinese Citizen-Brief,was adopted in the studies.The total sample size was 2756.The results show that:the general subjective well-being of college students are significantly worse than that in the norm of the whole country, and the genders and majors both have no difference in this respect;With respect to the factor of“family atmosphere”,girl college students are significantly better than boy college students,and for the one of “goal value”,students majoring in liberal arts are significantly better than students majoring in science.Compared with the nationwide norms,dissertations report the difference of“satisfaction”factor is larger than that in the papers of academic journals.The differences of“satisfaction”,“social confidence”,“growth progress”and “self-acceptance”are more and more significant year by year.The regio