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双语推荐：超声

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目的探讨二维超声联合四维超声对产前诊断胎儿畸形的临床诊断价值．方法选取1298例中晚期孕妇，对胎儿畸形的诊断均行二维超声检查和四维超声检查，待胎儿分娩后，分析单项检查与联合检查的诊断准确性．结果胎儿畸形诊断中，四维超声敏感性高于二维超声，但差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）；四维超声特异性、准确性均明显高于二维超声；二维超声＋四维超声敏感性、特异性、准确性均明显高于二维超声、四维超声，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）．胎儿体表畸形诊断中，四维超声特异性、准确性均高于二维超声；二维超声＋四维超声敏感性高于四维超声，但差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；四维超声、二维超声＋四维超声敏感性均明显高于二维超声；二维超声＋四维超声特异性、准确性均明显高于二维超声、四维超声，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）．结论二维超声联合四维超声可显著提高产前诊断胎儿畸形的诊断准确率，具有较高的临床价值，值得临床推广使用．
Objective To investigate the clinical value of two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformation .Method 1 298 Cases with late pregnant women who accepted prenatal screening were selected .Two dimensional ultrasound and four dimensional ultrasound were used in the diagnosis of fetal malformation .After the delivery , the diagnostic accuracy of single ultrasound and combined ultrasound examination was analyzed .Results In the diagnosis of fetal malformation , the sensitivity of four dimensional ultrasound was higher than that of two dimensional ultrasound , but the difference was not significant ( P>0 .05 ) .The specificity and the accuracy of four dimensional ultrasound were significantly higher than those of two dimensional ultrasound .The sensitivity , specificity , and accuracy of two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound were all significantly higher than those of two dimensional ultrasoun

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目的分析常规超声、钼靶X线摄影、超声弹性成像和常规超声+超声弹性成像对触诊阴性乳腺病灶的诊断价值,以提高早期乳腺癌的检出率。方法对触诊阴性乳腺病灶的238例患者(266个肿块,其中恶性79个肿块、良性187个肿块)的术前常规超声、钼靶X线摄影、超声弹性成像和超声+超声弹性成像的诊断结果进行分析,并与术后病理结果作对照。结果钼靶X线摄影的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为79.8%、75.9%和77.1%;常规超声的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为77.2%、86.1%和83.5%;超声弹性成像的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为82.3%、87.2%和85.7%;超声+弹性成像敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为92.4%、93%和92.9%。敏感性:超声+超声弹性成像均高于常规超声、钼靶X线摄影和超声弹性成像(均P0.05);常规超声、钼靶X线摄影和超声弹性成像的敏感性比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。特异性及准确性:超声、超声弹性成像均高于钼靶X线摄影(均P0.05);超声+超声弹性成像均高于常规超声、钼靶X线摄影和超声弹性成像(均P0.05);超声与超声弹性成像比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论常规超声无创、可重复性强,敏感性及特异性较高,可作为检查乳腺疾病的首选检查手段;钼靶X线摄影发现微小钙化优势显著;超声弹性成像有助于提高超声乳腺检查的准确性。超声联合弹性成像的综合应用,是评估触诊阴性乳腺病灶良、恶性的新方法,可提高早期乳腺癌的检出率。
Objective To analyze the diagnostic values of conventional ultrasound, mammography and ultrasound combined with elasticity in nonpalpable breast lesions, and to improve the detection rate of early breast cancer. Methods Results of conventional ultrasound, mammography and ultrasound combined with elasticity were analyzed and compared with histopathologic findings in 238 patients with nonpalpable breast lesions (266 lumps, including 79 malignant lumps and 187 benign lumps). Results The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were, respectively, 79.8%, 75.9% and 77.1% for mammography, 77.2%, 86.1% and 83.5% for conventional ultrasound, 82.3%, 87.2% and 85.7% for elastography, and 92.4%, 93%and 92.9%for ultrasound combined with elasticity. The ultrasound combined with elasticity had higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than conventional ultrasound, mammography and elastography (P 0.05).The specificity and accuracy of conventional ultraso-und or elastography were significantly higher t

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目的：探讨子宫内特殊部位异位妊娠的超声诊断分析及鉴别。方法：选择60例疑似宫内特殊部位异位妊娠患者分别经腹超声和经阴趟超声诊断，分析超声检查结果并与手术病理情况相对照。结果：阴道超声的准确性高于腹超声（P〈0．05）；阴道超声的灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于腹超声（P〉0．05）。结论：经腹超声及经阴道超声均为诊断特殊部位异住妊娠的有效方法，经阴道超声的准确率更高。
Objective To investigate ultrasonic diagnosis and differentiation of ectopic pregnancy.Methods Sixty cases of suspected intrauterine specific ectopic pregnancy were selected to take transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound examinations.Ultrasound results were analyzed and compared with the surgical pathological results.Results Transvaginal ultrasound was more accurate than transabdominal ultrasound(P 0.05).Conclusions Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound are effective methods to diagnose and differentiate ectopic pregnancy,and transvaginal ultrasound had higher accuracy.

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目的探讨子宫内特殊部位异位妊娠的超声诊断分析及鉴别。方法选择60例疑似宫内特殊部位异位妊娠患者分别经腹超声和经阴道超声诊断,分析超声检查结果并与手术病理情况相对照。结果阴道超声的准确性高于腹超声(P0.05);阴道超声的灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于腹超声(P0.05);阴道超声在宫角妊娠、瘢痕妊娠、宫颈妊娠、峡部妊娠、间质部妊娠方面的准确率均高于腹超声(P0.05)。结论经腹超声及经阴道超声均为诊断特殊部位异位妊娠的有效方法,经阴道超声的准确率更高。
Objective To investigate ultrasonic diagnosis and differentiation of ectopic pregnancy.Methods Sixty cases of suspected intrauterine specific ectopic pregnancy were selected to take transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound examinations.Ultrasound results were analyzed and compared with the surgical pathological results.Results Transvaginal ultrasound was more accurate than transab-dominal ultrasound(P 0.05).Accuracies of transvaginal ultrasound on uterine horn pregnancy,scar pregnancy,cervical pregnancy,isthmus pregnancy,interstitial pregnancy were higher than transabdominal ultrasound(P>0.05 ).Con-clusions Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound are effective methods to diagnose and differentiate ectopic pregnancy,and trans-vaginal ultrasound had higher accuracy.

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传统的单超声电源一般只能驱动单个超声振子,根据实际情况需要,提出了采用单个超声电源同时驱动两个超声振子的新方法。在测试和比较单个超声换能器和双超声换能器的阻抗特性的基础上,进行了基于FPGA的双超声压缩系统的电源设计,设计了电源的硬件电路及以FPGA为核心的控制系统。该控制系统采用最大电流法和相位差法相结合的方法实现频率自动跟踪功能。通过双超声、单超声和无超声压缩生物质的对比实验,验证了该电源能很好地驱动双超声振子有效、稳定地工作,双超声压缩效果优于单超声和无超声压缩。
The traditional single ultrasonic power supply can only drive a single ultrasonic vibrator. A new idea of using a single ultrasonic power supply to drive two ultrasonic vibrators has been put forward. On the basis of testing and comparing the impedance characteristic between a single ultrasonic transducer and dual-ultrasonic transducers ,the design of power supply applying for dual-ultrasonic pelleting system has been carried out based on FPGA. The circuit of the power supply has been designed with FPGA as the controller. The power supply has realized the function of automatic frequency tracking with the method of maximum current and phase difference method. The comparing experiments among the single,dual ultrasonic and no ultrasonic pelleting of biomass proved that the power supply can efficiently and stably drive two ultrasonic vibrators with better pelleting efficiency than single ultrasonic pelleting.

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以马铃薯淀粉为原料，在超声作用下酸水解制备马铃薯改性淀粉。研究了盐酸添加量、超声温度、超声时间、超声功率对马铃薯淀粉酸解的影响，在单因素实验的基础上进行了正交实验。结果表明，超声作用下酸解马铃薯淀粉的适宜工艺参数为盐酸添加量7%，超声温度55℃，超声时间75 min，超声功率600 W。且超声协同酸改性的马铃薯淀粉峰值黏度下降92.07%。对比无超声作用的酸解淀粉，有超声作用的酸解淀粉黏度降低14.63%。因此，超声作用明显促进了马铃薯淀粉的酸解改性。
With potato starch as raw materia, modified potato starch was prepared by acid hydrolysis under ultrasound. The effects of hydrochloric acid dosage, temperature, time, and ultrasound power were investigated. Based on above investigations, an orthogonal experiment was carried out. The result showed that the optimal technological conditions of acid-hydrolyzed potato starch preparation with ultrasound were as follows: hydrochloric acid at 7%, ultrasonic temperature at 55 ℃ , ultrasonic time at 75 min, ultrasonic power at 600 W. And the peak value of viscosity of potato starch under the combination of acid and ultrasound showed a decrease of 92.07%. With ultrasound, the viscosity of acid-modified starch decreased 14.63% than that without ultrasound. Obviously, ultrasound promoted the acid hydrolysis of potato starch.

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利用超声振动技术制备了半固态ZL101-La合金浆料，研究了超声振动工艺参数，如：超声功率、超声导入温度和超声处理时间对半固态ZL101-La合金初生相的影响.结果表明：利用超声振动和稀土复合制备半固态ZL101合金浆料是可行的，超声功率是影响初生相形貌的主要因素.通过正交实验设计获得了超声振动场下制备半固态ZL101-La铝合金浆料的合适工艺方案，即：超声功率为150 W，超声导入温度为650℃，超声作用时间为30 s.
Semisolid ZL101-La Al alloy slurry is prepared by ultrasonic vibrating. The effects of processing parameters of ultrasonic vibrating such as ultrasonic power , melt temperature and treated time of ultrasonic vibrating on primary phase of the alloy are researched. The results indicate that it is feasible for ultrasonic vibrating combining RE to prepare semisolid ZL101 Al alloy slurry , and the ultrasonic power is the main factor affecting morphology of primary phase in the alloy. The suitable preparing parameters are obtained by the orthogonal design, in which the power of ultrasonic vibrating is 150 W, the melt temperature is 650 ℃, and the ultrasonic treated time is 30 s.

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目的分析多种影像学检查对胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤患者的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经病理确诊的52例胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤患者,收集术前的胃窗超声造影、常规超声、胃镜、超声内镜、钡餐检查进行对比分析。结果胃窗超声造影检查、常规超声、胃镜、超声内镜、钡餐对胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤的检出率分别为95%、60%、95%、96%、67%,胃窗超声造影检查与常规超声比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),胃窗超声造影分别与胃镜、钡餐、超声内镜比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);胃镜与超声内镜、钡餐比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);钡餐分别与常规超声、超声内镜比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);超声内镜与常规超声比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胃窗超声造影可作为胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤的一种普查方式进行推广应用。
Objective To analyze the diagnosis value of imaging examinations on gastric mesonchymal tumor pati-ents. Methods Fifty-two cases of gastric mesonchymal tumor patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively anal-yzed. Collection of preoperative oral ultrasonic contrast agent ultrasound, conventional ultrasound, ultrasonic endoscopy, barium meal examination and gastroscopy and making a comparision on them. Results Oral ultrasonic contrast agent ultrasound, conventional ultrasound, gastroscope, ultrasonic endoscopy, barium meal examination detection rate were 95%, 60%, 95%, 96%, 67%. There was statistically significant difference between oral ultrasonic contrast agent ultrasound and conventional ultrasound (P 0.05);there was no stati-stically significant difference between gastroscopy and ultrasonic endoscopy or barium meal examination respectively (P>0.05); there was no statistically significant difference between barium meal examination and conventional ultrasound or ultr

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目的：探讨超声弹性应变率与常规超声对甲状腺结节的鉴别诊断价值。方法收集行甲状腺结节超声检查及手术患者72例，共86个结节，手术前均给予常规及超声弹性应变率超声检查，手术后对结节进行病理检查。分析超声弹性应变率联合超声对甲状腺良恶性结节检查的准确性、特异性以及敏感性。结果超声弹性应变率联合常规超声的准确性93．41％，明显高于常规超声的73．67％（χ2＝12．0，P＜0．05）。结论超声弹性应变率联合常规超声可有效鉴别甲状腺良恶性结节，提高诊断甲状腺恶性结节的准确性，有利于治疗及预后，值得临床推广。
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonic elastic strain rate and conventional ultrasound for thyroid nodules,and to guide the clinical treatment.Methods 72 cases,a total of 86 nodules,were treated with ultrasound examination for thyroid nodules and operation were given conventional and ultrasonic elastic strain rate echocardiography before operation, after operation they had a pathological examination for tubercle.The accuracy,specificity and sensitivity of ultrasonic elastic strain rate combined with ultrasound to check the benign and malignant thyroid nodules were analyzed.Results The accuracy of ultrasonic elastic strain rate combined with con-ventional ultrasound was 93.41%,which was significantly higher than 73.67%of the conventional ultrasound (χ2 =12.0,P<0.05) .Conclusion Ultrasound elasticity strain rate combined with conventional ultrasound can effectively differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules and improve the accuracy of diagnosis of

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目的探讨经直肠超声在妇科疑难病例检查中的应用价值。方法选取2011年7月~2013年7月在我院不适合经阴道超声检查的疑难病例74例,分别进行常规经腹超声检查和经直肠超声检查,根据手术后的病理或临床随访检验经直肠超声检查的正确率,对比经过两种不同途径超声诊断的结果。结果对于不适合经阴道超声检查部分疑难病例,常规经腹超声检查符合率74.3%,经直肠超声检查符合率96.0%,二者之间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论相对于经腹超声,直肠超声具有明显的优越性,在妇科临床检查中,对不适合经阴道超声检查的患者,经直肠超声能够弥补腹部超声的不足,具有较高的应用价值,值得在临床广泛推广。
Objective To investigate the value of transrectal uhrasonography in gynecological difficult diagnosis .Methods From 2011 July to 2013 July ,74 difficult cases not suitable for transvaginal ultrasound examination were examined conven-tional transabdominal ultrasound examination and transrectal ultrasonography respectively .According to the pathology af-ter operation or clinical follow-up .the correct rate was verified and the two results were compared .Results For difficult cases not suitable for ransvaginal sonography ,conventional transabdominal ultrasound diagnostic accordance rate was 74.3% ,transrectal ultrasound coincidence rate was 96% .Transrectal ultrasound was better than transabdominal ultra-sound ( P<0 .05) .Conclusion Compared with transabdominal ultrasound ,transrectal ultrasound has obvious superiority in gynecological clinic not suitable for transvaginal ultrasound examination of patients .Transrectal ultrasound makes up for the deficiency of transabdominal ultrasound wh

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