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双语推荐：辛醇

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为了提高脂肪酶在非水相中对手性仲醇的拆分效率，以2辛醇为模式底物，建立了以辛酸为酰基供体的无溶剂脂肪酶动力学拆分手性仲醇的反应体系，采用1?5∶1的酸醇摩尔比，45℃条件下反应12 h，2辛醇的转化率达到49?9％，并且S 2辛醇的对映体过量率e．e．s＝98?2％，反应的对映体比率E＞600。利用脂肪族仲醇与水形成共沸物的特性，通过非均相共沸蒸馏的方法提取拆分得到的手性仲醇，S 2辛醇的光学纯度并未降低，并且产率大于90％，产品纯度大于98％。
In order to enhance the efficiency of the kinetics resolution of secondary alcohols by lipase in non-aqueous phase, a solvent-free system was established using 2-octanol and octanoic acid as the model substrate and the acyl donor, respectively. When the reaction was carried out with n( acid)∶n( alcohol)=1?5∶1 at 45 ℃ for 12 h, the ( S)-2-octanol was obtained in e. e.=98?2% and the enantiomeric ratio reached E>600. The ability of aliphatic secondary alcohols to form an azeotrope with water was exploited to distill the enantiomerically pure secondary alcohol from the solvent-free system. The ee value of S-2-octanol was perfectly maintained. Furthermore, the yield and the purity of ( S)-2-octanol were more than 90% and 98%, respectively.

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建立摇瓶法测定1,5-戊二胺的正辛醇/水分配系数分析方法。气相色谱法测定正辛醇中1,5-戊二胺含量,离子色谱法测定水相中1,5-戊二胺含量。当正辛醇与水体积比为2:1时,lgPow为-0.38;体积比为1:1时,lgPow为-0.26;体积比为1:2时,lgPow为-0.24;lgPow平均值为-0.3。该方法简单可靠,符合OECD 107要求,适用于1,5-戊二胺的正辛醇/水分配系数的测定。
The analytical method for determination of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient of 1,5-di-aminopentane by shake flask method was established. The 1,5-diaminopentane in n-octanol was determined by gas chromatography. The 1,5-diaminopentane in water was determined by ion chromatography. When the volumetric ratio of n-octanol/water was 2:1, lgPow was-0.38, the volumetric ratio of n-octanol/water was 1:1, lgPow was -0.26, the volumetric ratio of n-octanol/water was 1:2, lgPow was -0.24. The average value of lgPow was-0.3. The method was simple and reliable, conformed to the requirement of OECD 107, and could be suitable for determination of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient of 1,5-diaminopentane.

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以乙基溴化镁和正己醛为原料,经亲核加成反应合成了3-辛醇,产率为81.2%;采用PCC对3-辛醇进行氧化得到了食用香料3-辛酮,产率为85.3%。通过气相色谱、红外光谱、色质联机和核磁共振等分析数据对所合成的中间体和目标产物的结构进行了确定;对合成的3-辛酮进行了香气评价。
3-Octanol is synthesized by the nucleophilic addition reaction of ethylmagnesium bromide with n-hexanal,and the yield of 3-octanol is 81.2%.Then flavoring agent 3-octanone is obtained by the oxidation of 3-octanol with PCC,and the yield of 3-octanone is 85.3%.The structures of synthet-ic intermediates and target products are identified by means of GC,IR,GC-MS,1 H NMR and 13 C NMR.The aroma characteristics of 3-octanone are evaluated.

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京尼平是一种天然生物交联剂,且具有多种生理活性。本文以β-葡萄糖苷酶催化栀子苷水解制备京尼平为目标体系,证明了京尼平对β-D-葡萄糖苷酶具有竞争性抑制作用;考察了β-D-葡萄糖苷酶在不同有机相-水体系中的稳定性,发现其在正辛醇-水、正己醇-水体系中的稳定性均较好;测定了栀子苷在正辛醇-水和正己醇-水体系中的分配系数kD,gardenoside分别为0.17和0.76,而京尼平的分配系数kD,genipin为42.57和37.75;分别在水、正辛醇-水和正己醇-水体系中进行栀子苷水解制备京尼平的反应,当底物浓度为0.25μmol·ml-1时京尼平收率分别为89.17%、93.96%、90.16%;进一步提高底物浓度为2.0μmol·ml-1时,正辛醇-水体系中京尼平收率高达91.9%,较水相体系(79.7%)提高了12.2%。本文的研究结果证明了采用正辛醇-水两相反应体系可部分解除产物抑制,提高产物收率,并简化后续的产物分离。
Genipin is an important bio-crosslinking agent with multiple physiological activities. In this paper, the competitive inhibition for activity ofβ-glucosidase by genipin was demonstrated. The stabilities ofβ-glucosidase in different organic solvents were investigated. Stability ofβ-glucosidase was satisfactory in the octanol-water and hexanol-water medium. The partition coefficients for gardenoside in the octanol-water and hexanol-water system were 0.17 and 0.76, while those for genipin were 42.57 and 37.75 respectively. The process for preparation of genipin was carried out in water, octanol-water and hexanol-water respectively, while gardenoside concentration was 0.25μmol·ml-1. The obtained genipin yields were 89.17%, 93.96%and 90.16%respectively. Furthermore, the effect of gardenoside concentration on genipin yield was also investigated. While in the octanol-water system, conversion rate of genipin was as high as 91.9%at the gardenoside concentration of 2.0μmol·ml-1,

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采用三正辛胺（TOA）作为络合剂，异辛醇和煤油分别作为助溶剂和稀释剂，对生物油中的乙酸进行了络合萃取研究。考察了TOA体积分数、异辛醇浓度、萃取剂与生物油轻馏分体积比以及温度对乙酸萃取率的影响，结果表明：温度为0 ℃，萃取体系为40%TOA＋40%异辛醇＋20%煤油（各组分浓度均为体积分数，下同），萃取剂与生物油轻馏分体积比为3∶1时，乙酸的一次萃取率较高，可达74.6%。
Complexation extraction with trioctylamine (TOA) as solvent for the recovery of acetic acid from bio-oil was studied.The effects of TOA concentration,iso-octyl alcohol concentration,volume ratio of extractant/distillate and temperature on extraction efficiency were examined.Experimental results indicated that the extraction efficiency was the highest with 40％ TOA + 40％ iso-octyl alcohol + 20％ kerosene and 3∶1 volume ratio of extractant/distillate at the temperature of 0 ℃.And an extraction efficiency of 74.6％ for acetic acid was achieved in a single-equilibrium-stage extraction under this optimal condition.

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以香茅醇为原料,经单线态氧氧化、还原、环化3步反应合成玫瑰醚（Ⅰ）,其中第1和2步反应合成3,7-二甲基-5-辛烯-1,7-二醇（Ⅱ）和3,7-二甲基-7-辛烯-1,6-二醇（Ⅲ）,第3步通过酸催化混合二醇合成玫瑰醚。通过对H2O2的用量、催化剂种类和用量以及反应时间等条件的优化,在最适宜条件下,混合二醇和玫瑰醚的收率分别达到95%和41.5%,总收率为39.4%。
In order to synthesize rose oxide (Ⅰ),three step reactions were used,which involved oxidation-reduction reaction and cyclization.In the first two steps,the 3,7-dimethyl-oct-5-en-1,7-di-ol (Ⅱ)and 3,7-dimethyl-oct-7-en-1,6-diol (Ⅲ) are synthesized from β-citronellol.Finally,the rose oxide (Ⅰ) was cyclized from Ⅱ and Ⅲ with acidic catalysts.Dosage of hydrogen peroxide,molar ratio,type and dosage of catalyst and reaction time were optimized.Under the optimized conditions,the yields of mixed diols (Ⅱ and Ⅲ) and rose oxide (Ⅰ) are 95％ and 41.5％ respectively,and the total yield is 39.4％.

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通过单因素实验和正交实验研究溴化3–甲基–1–乙基咪唑([Emim]Br)离子液体中蓖麻油裂解制备仲辛醇的工艺条件,分别考察蓖麻油酸与离子液体的质量比、裂解反应时间、裂解温度以及蓖麻油酸与NaOH溶液质量比对仲辛醇产率的影响,得出优化工艺条件:裂解温度300℃、裂解时间90,min、蓖麻油酸和离子液体的质量比1∶1、蓖麻油酸与NaOH溶液(6mol/L)的质量比1∶1.5,最优条件下仲辛醇的产率为28.2%.此方法用离子液体[Emim]Br替代传统有机溶剂甲酚,减少了污染,属清洁生产,而且离子液体可以回收再利用.
The technological conditions for producing 2-octanol from castor oil in ionic liquid,[Emim]Br,was studied through single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments. The mass ratio of castor oil acid to ionic liquid,pyrolysis reaction time,temperature,and the ratio of castor oil acid to NaOH were investigated in detail. The optimal technological conditions obtained are as follows:the temperature was 300,℃,pyrolysis time was 90,min,the mass ratio of castor oil to ionic liquid was 1∶1,and the ratio of castor oil to alkali(6,mol/L)was 1∶1.5. The yield of 2-octanol was about 28.2%under the optimal technological conditions. In addition,the traditional solvent cresol was replaced by ionic liquid [Emim]Br,and pollution was reduced with this clean production method. The ionic liquid can be recycled and used again.

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邻苯二甲酸二辛酯脱醇过程是一个复杂的传质传热过程,过程变量多,被控变量多,可操纵的变量也多,过程动态和机理复杂。通过物料平衡、热量平衡、相平衡3个方面对脱醇操作的稳定性进行了分析,实现了脱醇塔各工艺参数的控制。
The dealcoholization process of phthalate dioctyl is a complex mass and heat transfer process, which fea-tures numerous process variables, controlled variables, controllable variables and complicated dynamics and mecha-nisms. The stability of dealcoholization operation was analyzed through three aspects, including material balance, heat balance and phase equilibrium and the control of all process parameters of the Dealcoholization Tower was realized.

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为了改善由于聚合物形态不佳而影响聚合物堆密度的问题，期望可以通过改变制备条件来控制催化剂的形态，进而得到形态良好的聚合物并提高其堆密度．利用 MgCl2在醇中溶解和MMT 在醇中层间距膨胀的特性，制备了 MgCl2/TiCl4负载 MMT 层间的催化剂，并通过原位聚合制备了 PE/MMT 纳米复合材料．通过控制在制备载体时所用醇的种类，利用 SEM 对催化剂和PE/MMT纳米复合材料的形态结构进行表征．结果表明，醇的碳链长短和用量都会对催化剂和聚乙烯颗粒的形态产生影响．当制备载体所用醇为正丁醇和异辛醇的混合醇且正丁醇、异辛醇和MgCl2的摩尔比为2∶0.6∶1时，制得的催化剂和聚乙烯颗粒更接近球形，所得产品中聚乙烯的堆密度可以达到0.34 g /cm3．
In order to solve the problem that the poor morphology of polymer will influence its bulk density, it is expected to control the morphology of catalysts through changing the preparation conditions,and thus to obtain the polymer with good morphology and improve the bulk density of polymer.Through utilizing such characteristics as the dissolution of MgCl2 in alcohol and the expansion of MMT in the middle layer of alcohol,the catalysts with MgCl2 /TiCl4 being supported between the MMT layers were prepared,and the PE/MMT nano composite was also prepared through in-situ polymerization.Through controlling the types of alcohol used in the preparation of carrier,the morphology and structure of both catalysts and PE/MMT nano composite were characterized with SEM.The results show that the length of carbon chain and the dosage of alcohol will affect the morphology of catalysts and polyethylene particles.When the alcohol mixed with both butanol and isooctanol is used in the preparation o

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己二酸二辛酯是一种重要的的耐寒性增塑剂,具有广泛的用途。高效催化剂的选择是以己二酸和2-乙基己醇为原料合成己二酸二辛酯的关键环节。参考了近几年有关己二酸二辛酯合成的文献,介绍了有机酸、固体超强酸、杂多酸等催化剂催化合成的己二酸二辛酯的催化性能、优化条件、研究现状,分析了各种催化剂的优缺点,并指出了催化剂的研究发展方向。
Dioctyl adipate was a kind of important cold -resistant plasticizer , with a wide range of uses.Choosing a kind of high efficient catalyst for synthesis of dioctyl adipate with adipic acid and 2-ethylexanol as raw materials was an important step.The literature on the synthesis of dioctyl adipate in recent years was referenced , catalytic performance , optimization conditions and research status about the synthesis of dioctyl adipate using the catalysts , such as organic acid , solid superacid and heteropoly acid were introduced , the advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts were analyzed , and the direction of research and development of catalysts were pointed out.

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