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双语推荐：防误操作系统

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现有的变电站防误操作系统和调控防误操作系统中手工生成一次设备接线图、一次设备属性、防误规则，手工开列操作票的方式费时、费力，不符合用户对自动化系统的要求。提出了基于间隔模型的图—库—规则—操作票自动生成方法。建立了包含典型一次间隔和典型二次间隔的典型间隔模型，基于该模型分别介绍了一次设备接线图—库自动生成、防误规则自动生成、操作票自动生成的方法。开发了图—库—规则自动生成和操作票自动生成软件，研究成果已得到工程应用。
The practice of manual generation of primary equipment wiring diagram, equipment attributes, misoperation prevention rules and manual writing of operation order,in the current substation misoperation prevention system and dispatch misoperation prevention system,is time-consuming and labor-intensive,which is inconsistent with the requirement of the automatic system.A method of automatic generation of diagram-database-rules-order based on the bay model is proposed.A typical bay model including primary typical bay and secondary typical bay is developed,based on which,a method of automatic generation of primary equipment wiring diagram,database,misoperation prevention rules,operation order is described.Also developed is the software of automatic generation of diagram-database-rules and operation order.The research results are in application.

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压板操作的正确性会严重影响电网运行安全,而制约压板智能化的瓶颈是压板状态的可靠检测。笔者利用反射式光纤传感器实现了压板状态的可靠检测和识别,在不改变传统微机防误操作系统的基础上将压板操作嵌入防误系统,并总结制定了典型压板投退规则,形成完整的一、二次防误整体解决方案,实现了压板状态的在线监测,成功解决了压板误投退及漏投退问题,提升了电网的安全运行水平。
The safety of power system is greatly influenced by proper operation of power strap ,while reliable condition monitoring is a serious constraint to the intelligentization of power strap .In this paper ,the reflective optical fiber sensor is successfully used to monitor and identify the condition of power strap .Anti-misoperation of power strap is added to traditional mistake precaution system without any changes and typical operation rules of power strap are summarized .A whole mistake precaution solution to both primary equipment and secondary equipment is obtained ,and thus the online condition monitoring and anti-misoperation of power strap are realized ,and the safety level of power system is improved .

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基于提高牵引供电系统倒闸操作可靠性开展研究工作,根据牵引供电系统运营维护的现状情况提出牵引变电所防误操作系统的基本要求,通过实例论证智能防误操作系统的组成、工作原理及应用方法,实现了智能防误操作系统在客运专线牵引变电所的应用。
The aim of this study was to enhance the reliability of switching operation of traction power supply system. Considering the current situation on operation maintenance of traction power supply system, this study proposed the basic requirements of anti-misoperation system in traction substation. And then, combined with a case of actual use, this study illustrated the components, work principle and the use method of the intelligent anti-misoperation system, therefore the application of intelligent anti-misoperation system in traction substation of passenger dedicated line is achieved.

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一般情况下只要微机防误系统正常,变电所电气设备操作应该没有问题。但事实上仍然存在误操作的可能性,必须采取技术措施来有效避免设备操作不到位情况发生,可以将微机防误系统和视频工具相结合,利用图像分析技术,实现微机防误闭锁全覆盖。
Generally speaking, the operation of electrical devices in substations might be out of question if microcomputer anti-maloperation lockout system works normally. However , there are potentials of malopera-tion. Therefore, technical measures must be taken to avoid device maloperation. Microcomputer anti-maloper-ation system can be combined with video tools to realize full coverage of micro-computer mal-operation lock-out by using image analysis technology.

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随着电网结构的日益复杂，电网对系统稳定、安全运行的要求也越来越高。电气误操作事故不仅会对电网及设备的安全运行带来很大影响，严重时还会危及操作人员的生命。文章在分析归纳造成电气误操作事故原因的基础上，提出了防范对策，并重点探讨了微机防误闭锁装置原理和应用。通过电气防误闭锁与现代微机五防系统在防误性能、可靠性及运行操作、检修维护等几个方面的比较，综合考虑这2种技术，根据变电站的设备实际情况，提出了3种较好的防误操作方案。
The requirements of system stability and safe operation for power grid have become higher and higher with the in-creasing complex power grid structure. Electrical misoperation accidents will not only bring great influence to the safe operation of power grid equipments, but also endanger the worker''s life. On the basis of analyzing the cause of the caused electrical misoperation accidents, the paper puts forward prevention measures and mainly explores the blocking device principle of mi-crocomputer and its application. Through making a comparison between Comparing the mal-preventing lock and five prevention system of modern microcomputer in perspective of anti-misoperation function, reliability, operation, repair and maintenance, etc, the paper puts forward three better anti-misoperation schemes.

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随着大运行体系建设的不断深入，调控中心的远方遥控操作要求实现到冷备用状态，这就对调控远方遥控操作的安全性、可靠性提出了更高的要求。文中基于智能电网调度控制系统，研究了实现调控和防误一体化的远方操作安全防误技术，对其中的调控和防误一体化建模、统一防误采集规范、一体化防误逻辑规则生成等关键技术给出了具体的解决方案。该防误技术已经成功应用于某智能电网调度控制系统，建立了调控与防误一体化的智能操作管理系统，解决了远方遥控到冷备用状态的关键技术问题。
With the ever-deepening development of the grand operation system,the remote control operation of the dispatching and control center is required to support the cold stand-by mode.This means that higher requirements for safety and reliability are made on remote control operation in the dispatching and control center.Based on the smart grid dispatching and control system,the safety anti-misoperation technology of remote operation is studied for realizing the integration of dispatching control and anti-misoperation.Specific solutions are provided to such key technologies as the integrated modeling of dispatching control and anti-misoperation,the specifications of communication protocols for anti-misoperation,and the generation of integrated logical rules for anti-misoperation.The technology has successfully been applied in a smart grid dispatching and control system in creating an integrated dispatching control and anti-misoperation smart operation system and solving the key tec

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秦山第二核电厂4台机组的反应堆保护系统采用故障安全的负逻辑方式进行设计。论文从系统失电的角度分析专设安全设施负逻辑设计可能存在的误动风险,并提出一些改进方法,降低设备故障和工作人员失误操作而导致系统误动的概率。
All of 4 nuclear units of Qinshan Phase 2 Nuclear Power Plant adopted negative -logic reactor protec-tion system (RPR) to accord with fail-safe criteria.The article analyzed the risk of fault action of negative -logic engineered safeguards feature under loss power , and advanced some alteration design to reduce the proba-bility of RPR false operation resulting from equipment failure and human error .

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为确保安全生产过程中不发生人为误操作责任事故,分析了银川东换流站联锁防误闭锁软、硬件实现方式,并与综自站微机防误系统实现方式进行了比较,阐述了换流站联锁实现方式的优点及换流站引入微机防误系统的弊端。分析结果表明:换流站联锁防误系统软、硬件实现方式与综自站"五防"闭锁实现方式相比存在实时性好、可靠性高、人为干扰因素少、利于实现顺序控制和集中监控且使用便捷等优点。可考虑在部分综自站推广使用。
In order to avoid the occurrence of misoperation accident in production,analyzes the software and hardware realization way of anti misoperation interlock for Yinchuan Eastern Converting Station, and compare with the realization way of anti misoperation microprocessor blocking system in integrated automation substation, expatiates the advantages of interlock realization awy and the shortcomings of using anti misoperation microprocessor blocking system in converting station. the analysis result shows that the software and hardware realization way of anti misoperation interlock for converting station to compare with the realization way of anti misoperation microprocessor blocking system in integrated automation substation has advantages of preferable real time, higher reliability, less personal interference, conducive to realize sequence control and centralized monitoring, and convenient operation, can consider using in part of integrated automation substation.

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针对外太空恶劣环境，在分析空间机器人遥操作系统安全隐患基础上提出了遥操作预测仿真系统框架，构建了三维遥操作虚拟场景，同时应用基于虚拟夹具的碰撞检测算法和基于时间戳的修正策略提升了预测仿真系统性能，并给出了与地面实物仿真系统联调验证实验结果。实验结果表明，构建的预测仿真系统运行快速、预测准确，可有效规避遥操作大时延问题，避免误操作导致的实物损伤。
According to the severe environment in space ,this paper describes the whole simulation scene build on the ground based on teleoperation safety analyses . Corrective Measures based on timestamps and special collision detection algorithm based on virtual fixtures are used to improve the performance of the VR system .Besides ,many experiments with real robot show that the VR system described in this paper works efficiently and precisely .It is very helpful for the operator to avoid the large time delay and keep hardwares safe from improper operation .

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结合醇烷化系统的运行状况及因误操作而产生的事故,阐明烷化塔用工艺气供热存在安全隐患。认为采用高压蒸汽供热最为合适,既安全又节能。
Combine methanol-methanation unit running situation with the failure by misoperation , clarify that the security risks exist when using process gas to heat the methanation tower . To use high-pressure steam heating the tower is considered the most appropriate , safe and energy-efficient method .

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