六盘山是研究青藏高原东北缘隆升与构造变形的关键部位,其东麓泾河河流阶地是第四纪以来六盘山构造隆升的地貌载体。通过对泾河上游河流阶地的剖面实测,厘定了河流阶地的级序,泾河上游主要发育5级河流阶地T5—T1,不同地段阶地的形态类型不同,柳树沟T5、T4和T3为堆积阶地,T2和T1为基座阶地,高家山均为侵蚀或基座阶地;利用光释光（OSL）、电子自旋共振（ESR）测年并与黄土-古土壤序列进行对比,建立了河流阶地的年代格架,T5—T1年代分别为541 ka B.P.、477 ka B.P.、279 ka B.P.、60 ka B.P.和8 ka B.P。阶地的形态类型、形成年代与气候阶段的对应关系研究表明,泾河上游河流阶地以构造隆升驱动为主,气候变化影响为辅;541-279 ka B.P.期间柳树沟地区为堆积区,堆积速率为0.31 m/ka,而高家山为构造隆升区,河流下切速率为0.37 m/ka,堆积速率与侵蚀速率基本一致,说明T5、T4和T3阶面上较厚的砾石层是六盘山隆升的相关沉积;279 ka B.P.时期由于六盘山快速隆升驱使山前柳树沟地区由堆积区转为侵蚀区,河流侵蚀作用加强造成T2、T1平均下切速率增大为1.13 m/ka,这次地貌转换事件是在青藏高原扩展隆升的背景下六盘山向东挤出隆升的结果。研究结果为青藏高原东北缘以面积和体积扩张的

Liupanshan is the key region to research the uplift and tectonic deformation of the northeastern Tibet-an Plateau.Jinghe River terraces at the eastern piedmont are geomorphology carriers to record tectonic uplift process of Liupanshan since the Quaternary.The detailed study of profiles of the upper Jinghe River terraces shows that Jinghe River mainly developed 5 river terraces,i.e.T5 -T1.Terraces of T5,T4 and T3 in Liu-shugou are accumulation terraces,and T2 and T1 are pedestal terraces;terraces in Gaojiashan are erosional terraces or pedestal terraces.Trough dating results of OSL and ESR and combined with loess-paleosol sequences the ages of 5-level terraces were defined as 541 ka B.P.,477 ka B.P.,279 ka B.P.,60 ka B.P.and 8 ka B.P.,respectively.The morphological types of terraces and the relationship between age of terraces and cli-mate change indicate that the upper Jinghe River terraces are mainly driven by tectonic uplift while the effects of climate change are complemen

以陕西杨凌一级阶地砂壤土和三级阶地粘壤土所选典型田块的双环入渗试验为基础，对不同土壤质地条件下的土壤入渗特性进行了研究。结果表明：两种土壤质地条件下描述其入渗过程的最优入渗公式为修正Kostiakov公式；土壤入渗试验合理的设计观测时间一级阶地砂壤土条件下不应小于90min，三级阶地粘壤土条件下不应小于120min；根据各入渗参数的最大相关距离，计算了典型田块入渗试验的合理测点数，一级阶地砂壤土和三级阶地粘壤土试验田块均为42个测点；可在一定程度上借助稳定入渗率f0的变异特征描述土壤入渗性能和衡量土壤入渗能力，但同时还应考虑入渗参数k的空间变异特征。

Based on the double-ring infiltration experiments carried out in the selected fields of the first terrace and the third terrace with sandy loam and clay loam respectively in Yangling District ,Shaanxi Province ,China ,the soil infil-tration characteristics under different soil textures were studied .The results showed that the modified Kostiakov function was the optimal choice in describing the process of soil infiltration .The reasonable observing time of infiltration experi-ment was no less than 90 min in the first terrace with sandy loam and no less than 120 mins in the third terrace with clay loam .Based on the maximum correlation distance among the infiltration parameters ,the reasonable sampling number was proved to be 42 for the selected fields in both the first terrace and the third terrace .The spatial variation characteristics of basic infiltration rate f0 could be employed to describe the infiltration performance and to measure the infiltration ca-pacity of soil ,and the spa

中更新世以来,渭河陇西段共发育了七级阶地,形成年代分别为860ka、787ka、621ka、412ka、128ka、60ka、11ka。研究表明:渭河阶地是在构造和气候共同作用下形成,构造抬升为河流的下切提供一个垂直空间,准0.1Ma周期的气候变化控制着渭河阶地的发育。陇西地区黄土记录表明自860ka以来该地区共经历了10个较大的气候转型事件,此地区并没有发育10级阶地,黄土样品的色度数据显示渭河陇西段缺失的3级阶地可能与气候温暖湿润程度较低及气候的不稳定性波动有关。

The seven terraces preverved along Weihe River in Longxi basin since middle Pleistence were estimated to form about 860ka、787ka、621ka、412ka、128ka、60ka、11ka.Analysis on sedimentation characteristics and dating of these terraces showed that seven terraces may be jointly generated by tectonic uplifts and climatic changes.Tectonic uplift provided incision space for the river,and the terraces were controlled by cycles of a period of about 0.1 Ma.The loess information indicated that ten climatic transition events were found in Longxi basin since 860Ka,and the three Absent terraces was considered to be the response to the instability and moist degree of the climate.

通过大比例尺航空照片、1：10000地形图及DEM图像研究和详细的野外调查，确定了兰州盆地各级阶地的分布状况。野外利用差分GPS实地测量了各级阶地海拔高度，据此得到了兰州盆地黄河两岸阶地纵剖面图。根据剖面图中阶地变形特点分析了兰州盆地活动构造特征，发现兰州盆地内活动构造以褶皱变形为主，断层多为褶皱隆起过程中的派生断裂，其活动性较弱。兰州盆地内变形的动力来源于西南方向马衔山北缘断层的左旋走滑。现有的地质资料也支持了这种观点。

According to large scale air-photos, 1:10 000 topographic maps, DEM maps and field investigations, the distribution conditions of terrace in Lanzhou Basin were confirmed. Differential GPS was used to measure the altitude of every level of terrace in the field. Based on the data, a terrace longitudinal map along the both sides of Yellow River in Lanzhou Basin was drawn. According to the terrace deformation features in the longitudinal map, active tectonic features in Lanzhou Basin were analyzed. The active tectonic in Lanzhou Basin was mainly folding deformation. Most of the faults were derived ones during the folding uplift when its activities were weak. The power of deformation in Lanzhou Basin came from the left-lateral strike slip of the north margin fault of Maxianshan located at southwest. The existing geological data also support this view.

土壤入渗特性是田块尺度参数估值的重要基础。该文以陕西省杨凌区一级阶地砂壤土和三级阶地粘壤土所选典型田块的双环入渗试验为基础,分析了归一化因子在单一尺度和多尺度上的分形特征,并在此基础上建立了估算归一化因子的土壤转换函数。结果表明:对于修正Kostiakov公式所采用的归一化处理方法是可行的,可较好地预测典型田块各测点的土壤入渗过程;在单一尺度上,一级阶地和三级阶地所选典型田块的归一化因子最优半方差函数均为球状模型,其分形维数分别为1.796和1.840;在多尺度上,一级阶地典型田块归一化因子的空间变异受粉粒含量、砂粒含量和土壤容重的影响显著,三级阶地典型田块归一化因子的空间变异与黏粒含量、粉粒含量、砂粒含量和土壤初始含水率相关程度最高(显著性水平0.01);估算归一化因子的土壤转换函数具有较高的精度和可靠性,其一级阶地和三级阶地典型田块验证样本归一化因子的实测值与估算值相对误差绝对值均值分别为13.15%和9.95%。研究结果可较好地解决田块尺度内土壤入渗点面转换及入渗参数难以取得的问题。

Soil water infiltration characteristics is one of the important factors for estimating the infiltration parameters at field scales. Based on the double-ring infiltration experiments conducted in typical fields of the first terrace (Sandy loam) and the third terrace (Clay loam) in Yangling District, Shaanxi Province, China, the spatial variability of soil infiltration characteristics under different soil textures were studied at field scales. The objectives of this paper are to apply the normalization method for modified Kostiakov function, to analyze the fractal characteristics of normalization factors under single scale and multi scales, and finally, to develop the Pedo-transfer function for estimating the normalization factors. The results show that the normalization method is feasible for modified Kostiakov function, which has high accuracy in predicting the infiltration process of every soil infiltration experiment spot. The correlation coefficients between the predicted values of