为探究不同浓度及配比的混合盐处理对构成雪菊品质的主要成分黄酮、绿原酸、茶多酚、总糖及氨基酸的影响。将NaCl、Na2SO4、KCl、K2SO4、NaHCO3、Na2CO3按4种比例混和并依次设置为0,50,100,150,200mmol/L的5个浓度梯度处理雪菊幼苗至开花末期并测定雪菊5种成分的含量。结果表明,浓度为50mmol/L的低浓度混合盐对雪菊主要品质的影响较小;浓度为100mmol/L的混合盐处理可提高雪菊黄酮、茶多酚的含量;浓度为150,200mmol/L的高浓度混合盐处理会明显抑制雪菊总糖、黄酮、绿原酸、氨基酸和茶多酚含量。进行雪菊栽培时,盐含量为100mmol/L的土壤,对雪菊品质的形成影响较小,同时有利于黄酮、茶多酚的含量提高。

This study was conducted to research effect of the different concentrations and ratios of mixed salt treatment on the main quality of Coreopsis tinctoria flavone,chlorogenic acid,tea polyphenols,sugar and total amino acid.NaCl,Na2 SO 4 ,KCl,K2 SO 4 ,NaHCO 3 ,Na2 CO 3 were mixed by 4 kinds of conbina-tions,and the order of 0,50,100,150,200 mmol/L were designed by concentration gradient of the five treatment of Coreopsis tinctoria from seedlings to flowering stage,the Coreopsis tinctoria five main quality contents were measured.The result showed the low concentrations of 50 mmol/L had less effect on the Coreopsis tinctoria main quality;Concentration of 100 mmol/L can improve the content of flavonoids and polyphenols;The high concentration of 150,200 mmol/L mixed salt treatment significantly inhibited the content of total sugars,flavone,chlorogenic acid,total amino acid and tea polyphenols.During production of cultivation,the soil with salt of 100 mmol/L had less effect on quality formati

试验以雪菊为原料,采用乙醇回流提取法提取雪菊中黄酮类物质,用95%芦丁作为标准品,选择510 nm为检测波长,采用NaNO2–Al(NO3)3-NaOH比色法测定雪菊提取液中总黄酮的含量,并采用大孔吸附树脂法对雪菊黄酮的分离纯化工艺条件进行了研究。结果显示:该方法适用于雪菊中黄酮类物质的检测;NKA-2型大孔吸附树脂对雪菊黄酮具有较好的吸附分离性能,以pH值4.2左右的原料液上柱吸附,6倍树脂体积的60%乙醇解吸,洗脱速度3 mL/min为合适的工艺条件;在此条件下其解吸率约为95.757%。

Using ethanol reflux extraction method to extract flavonoids from Coreopsistinctoria; then, taking 95% rutin as standard substance and selecting 510 nm as detection wave length to determine the content of total flavone in Coreopsistinctoria extracts by NaNO2-Al(NO3)3- NaOH colorimetric method; and then, using macroporous adsorptive resins method to study the seperation and purification technologies for Coreopsistinctoria flavone. The results showed that the method was suitable for detection of flavonoids in Coreopsistinctoria; the NKA-2 macroporous adsorptive resin had good adsorption and seperation performances to the flavone from Coreopsistinctoria, and the optimal technology conditions were as follows: the raw material fluid with pH value of 4.2 absorbed by coloum, desorption by 60% ethanol with 6-fold of resin volum, and eluant velocity of 3 mL/min. With the optimal conditions, the desorption rate was about 95.757%.

采用纸培法,用不同浓度NaCl单盐溶液(0%、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%)处理雪菊种子,研究不同浓度盐胁迫对种子萌发的影响。结果表明:随着盐浓度的升高,雪菊种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数都有所降低,在0%~0.9%盐浓度范围内,各性状指标与对照差异不显著,1.2%盐浓度下与对照形成显著差异。低浓度(0.3%)盐胁迫对雪菊种子萌发有促进作用,发芽率为87%,高于对照3个百分点,盐浓度超过0.9%时,明显延迟种子发芽时间,发芽率为57%,低于对照27个百分点。雪菊种子萌发时的耐盐适宜范围为0%~1.3%,耐盐半致死浓度为2.25%,耐盐极限浓度为3.83%,可在河北滨海滩涂盐渍化土壤地区推广种植。

In order to explore the salt resistant ability of xueju, this study was carried out to determine the germination ability of the seeds, which were treated with various concentration of NaCl solution in Petri dish, salinty ranging from 0.3%to 1.2%. The results showed that the germination rate, germination enrgy, germination index and vigor index were decreased visibly with increasing salt concentration. Under 0%~0.9%salinty range, each character indexes showed no significant difference compared to the control, but 1.2%treatment has significant difference. In lower salt concentration like 0.3%promoted seeds germination, the germination rate was 87%, higher control 3 percent point. When the salt concentration exceeding 0.9%, the germination time was signficantly delayed, and the gemination rate was 57%, lower control 27 percent point. The fit salt concentration for xueju seed germination was 0%~1.3%, and the half-lethal concentration and fatal concentration was 2.25%and 3.83%, respectively

目的建立新疆昆仑雪菊中柠檬烯含量的测定方法。方法采用气相色谱法,Rtx-5石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm);程序升温:50℃保持5 min,以10℃/min升至230℃,保持10 min;载气流量:18.30 mL/min;柱压:100 kPa;进样口温度:250℃;分流比:10∶1;进样量:1μL。结果柠檬烯在41.90~251.40μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996,n=6),平均回收率为102.72%,RSD为1.35%(n=9)。结论本实验方法可靠,重复性好,专属性强,可用于雪菊挥发油中柠檬烯的含量测定,以控制雪菊挥发油的质量。

Objective To establish a method for determination of limonene in Xinjiang Kunlun Chrysanthemum by GC. Methods The GC equipped with FID detector, and a Rtx-5 capillary column were used (30 mí0.25 mm, 0.25μm). The temperature program of column oven was set as follows:50℃for 5 min, increased to 230℃at a rate of 10℃/min, held for 10 min. The carrier gas flow rate:18.30 mL/min;column press:100 kPa;injection port temperature:250℃;split ration:10:1;sample volume:1μL. Results Limonene was linear in the range of 41.90-251.40μg/mL (r=0.9996, n=6). The average recovery was 102.72%(n=9), and RSD was 1.35%. Conclusion The method can be used to determine the con-tent of limonene in Xinjiang Kunlun Chrysanthemum, in order to control the quality of volatile oil from Chrysanthemum.

采用昆仑雪菊水提液灌胃大鼠,以探讨其对大鼠血脂水平的影响。将60只健康成年SPF级SD大鼠随机分为6组,每组10只。试验前及实验期第28天眼眶采血检测大鼠血清中血脂4项指标:血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。试验结束时处死大鼠并采集大鼠脏器,制作肝组织切片观察雪菊水提液对各组大鼠的肝组织形态变化的影响。试验前各组大鼠的血脂4项、体重指标均无显著差异,使用昆仑雪菊水提液灌胃高脂造模大鼠后,高、中、低3个剂量组与高脂模型组比,TC含量分别降低了39.0%(P0.01),30.5%(P0.01),32.6%(P0.01);LDL-C指标分别降低了40.3%(P0.01),31.0%(P0.05),30.8%(P0.05);经过统计学分析与正常对照组相比:高脂模型组肝组织切片脂肪空泡明显增多(P0.01),昆仑雪菊干预三个剂量组与高脂模型组肝组织切片比较,脂肪空泡显著减少(P0.05)。分析表明,昆仑雪菊水提液可以降低SD高脂大鼠模型血脂4项指标中的TC、LDC-L的值,且能显著减少SD大鼠肝脏的脂肪细胞的数量,说明其具有降血脂的功效。

To investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Coreopsis tinctoria flowers (AECTF)from the Kunlun Mountain on blood fat level in rats,AECTF was administered orally via gavage.Sixty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (ten in each group).The four indicators of blood lipids(the to-tal cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)were measured after 28 days of treatment,and liver tissue was collected to observe the effect of AECTF on liver morphology of rats.Result showed that blood fat and bodyweight of rats were similar to each other among the six groups before the treatment.Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,TC content in three AECTF groups (high,medium,low)was decreased by 39.0%,30.5%, 32.6%,respectively,and LDL-C content in three AECTF groups was decreased by 40.3%,31.0%,30.8%, respectively,the differences were significant (P < 0.05).The fat vacuoles of liver tissue were muc