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双语推荐：鞣剂

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简要综述了单一非铬金属鞣剂、无铬多金属配合鞣剂、硅鞣剂、醛鞣剂、合成鞣剂、有机膦鞣剂以及超支化聚合物鞣剂等常用无铬鞣剂及其鞣制机理.
In this paper the structures and performances and tanning mechanisms of chromium-free tan-ning agents such as single chromium-free metal tanning agent, chromium-free metal combination tanning agent, silicon tanning agent, aldehyde tanning agent, synthetic tanning agent, organic phosphoric tanning a-gent and hyperbranched polymer tanning agent, etc. were briefly reviewed.

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综述了非铬金属鞣剂、硅鞣剂、醛鞣剂、植物鞣剂等白湿革鞣制技术的鞣制机理及鞣制特性，以及近年来国内外最新的白湿革鞣剂研究成果。
The tanning mechanisms and tanning characteristics of wet-white leather tanning technologies such as tanages using chromium-free metal tanning agent, silicon tanning agent, aldehyde tanning agent, vegetable tannin, were reviewed. In particular, the latest research on wet-white tanning agents at home and abroad was discussed.

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将科莱恩公司研发的无铬鞣剂GRANOFIN F-90应用在绵羊皮和黄牛皮的鞣制中，优化鞣制工艺，采用多种指标表征。实验表明GRANOFIN F-90鞣剂的鞣制工艺简单，得革率高于铬鞣皮，收缩温度在75℃~80℃之间，与各种复鞣剂的兼容性良好，具有很好的市场前景。
The tanning process of GTANOFIN F-90 produced by Clariant Chemcials (China) Ltd was studied in this paper. It optimized the tanning process, characterizing with a variety of indicators. The results figured that the tanning process was simple, the yield of leather was higher than that of chrome tanned leather, the shrinkage temperature of leather was between 75℃and 80℃, and the white leather could be well retanned with different retanning agents. It was showed that the prospects of the chromium-free tanning process would be bright with GRANOFIN F-90.

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综述了国内外皮革鞣剂的研究现状,并对绿色鞣剂研究中存在的问题进行了分析。同时指出了在绿色鞣剂研究中应该注意的问题及可能的发展趋势。
Research progress of leather tanning agents at home and abroad are summarized and the exist-ing problems in investigating green tanning agents are discussed. Meanwhile, some issues to which people should pay more attention to research green tanning agents and possibly developing trends are pointed out in this paper.

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铬鞣法是目前制革工业中最成熟的鞣革方法之一,传统铬鞣法可赋予皮革良好性能,但由于铬鞣剂的吸收率不高,造成了大量的浪费。为了提高铬鞣剂的吸收,降低制革工业中铬鞣污染,目前可减少铬污染的化学品已成为皮革产业研究的热点之一。介绍了制革鞣制用减少铬污染关键材料的研究现状,对近年来常用的小分子羧酸化合物、醛酸化合物、含羧基的高分子化合物、天然高分子材料等进行了综述。提出了制革鞣制用减少铬污染关键材料仍是皮革行业重点发展方向之一,重视学科交叉,不断将新技术引入此类鞣剂的开发,对实现制革清洁鞣制研究的突破和跨越具有重要意义。
Chrome tanning was one of most mature method of the leather industry which brings good perform-ance to resultant leather.However,the low absorption rate (about 60%)of chrome tanning agent caused seri-ous pollution.In order to improve the absorption of chrome tanning agent and reduce the pollution of chrome tanning in leather industry,the research on cleaner chrome tanning auxiliaries becomes hot spot of leather in-dustry.In this paper,a review and evolvement on research on cleaner chrome tanning auxiliaries such as car-boxylic acid compounds,aldehyde acids,carboxylic acid polymer,natural polymer,are given.Additionally,our group has been committing to solve the pollution of traditional tanning and carrying out experiment on the chrome tanning exhausted auxiliary.A novel polymer-based montmorillonite nano composite was synthesized and applied to pickling and pickling-free tanning process separately,combined with 3% chrome tanning agent. The shrinking temperature of resultant wet-blue lea

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新型无铬鞣剂Tanfor T的活性成分是铝硅化合物与特种有机酸的缩合体。本文采用山羊浸酸皮研究该鞣剂的鞣制方法，结果表明Tanfor T具有良好的鞣制性能。优化鞣制条件是：鞣制初始pH值为2.5~3.5，鞣剂用量为5%（以酸皮质量增量100%计），在常温下鞣制3 h，提碱至pH为5.0左右，补加100%热水，温度控制在35~40益转动5 h。鞣制后山羊白湿革的Ts为70~75益，坯革色泽浅淡，手感良好。该成革的物理力学强度可满足标准要求。
Novel chrome-free tanning agent Tanfor T, a condensation of aluminum, silicon and special or-ganic acids, was used for tanning the pickled goatskin, and the corresponding tannage was investigated. The results showed that Tanfor T exhibited good tanning performances. The optimal tanning techniques are as follows: the pH value of pickled hide is 2.5-3.5, the dosage of this tanning agent is about 10% (based on the weight of the pickled goatskin), and tanning for 3h at room temperature,then the pH value of the float is adjusted to about 5.0, 100% hot water is added to adjust the temperature to 35-40 ℃, and finally tanning for 5 h. So the resultant wet-white goatskin leather possesses shrinkage temperature 70-75 ℃, light color and good handle, and its physical and mechanical properties can meet the requirements.

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本文介绍了用白湿皮鞣剂Granofin F-90生产无铬鞣黄牛沙发革的工艺。重点探讨了Granofin F-90在准备工序的应用条件和复鞣工序的技术要点。
Granofin F-90 applied to make chrome-free cattle upholstery was presented in this paper. The applying conditions of Granofin F-90 in preparing process and the key technical points in retanning procedures were mainly studied.

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主要阐述了噁唑烷鞣剂的种类、合成方法、应用现状以及与皮纤维结合的鞣制机理,并对噁唑烷的发展趋势做了展望。
In this review, the classification, synthesis method and application status of oxazolidine tanning agent are briefly introduced, and at the same time the mechanism of the reaction of oxazolidines with hide protein is also addressed. Finally, the development trend of oxazolidine was prospected.

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以尿素为氢键破坏剂,研究了不同浓度尿素对浸酸绵羊皮胶原纤维的形貌及热稳定性的影响,之后以打破氢键后的胶原为原料,通过检测不同鞣制阶段残留在鞣液中的鞣剂浓度及相应皮胶原的收缩温度,探索了戊二醛向其内部的渗透情况。结果发现:尿素浓度越高,对胶原的形貌及收缩温度影响越大;鞣前胶原的氢键被破坏越严重,戊二醛向其内部渗透越慢、越少,最终鞣制后样品的热稳定性也越差;在戊二醛与胶原的结合力中,氢键发挥着一定的积极作用,但不是主要作用。
The influence of urea solution, which employed as a hydrogen bond breaking agent, on the mi-crostructure and thermal stability of sheep skin collagen was investigated. Skin collagen with broken hy-drogen bond was tanned with glutaraldehyde, and then the concentration of tanning agent and shrinkage temperature of collagen at different stage was measured. By doing this, the penetration of glutaraldehyde into the sheep skin collagen can be explored. The results showed that both thermal stability of collagen and the penetration rate of glutaraldehyde decreased with the increase in urea concentration. The collagen sample treated with 6 mol/L urea solutions possessed the worst thermal stability in this experiment. All these results suggested hydrogen bond played an important but not primary role in stabilizing the confor-mation of collagen fiber.

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采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚乙二醇（PEG-400）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）为主要原料,以亚硫酸氢盐为封闭剂,合成了封端型水性聚氨酯（B-WPU）。通过红外光谱（FTIR）、纳米粒度仪及碘量分析分别对其结构、乳液粒径、封闭率进行了表征。用明胶做皮胶原模拟物,发现碱性条件下封端乳液与明胶反应后,明胶的黏度、总有机碳（TOC）均明显增加,而改性明胶膜的接触角变大,亲水性降低,表明B-WPU与明胶间发生了交联作用。将其作为一种预鞣剂直接用于脱灰软化皮的鞣制,收缩温度可提高至78℃;10%的封端乳液预鞣后再配合4%的铬粉鞣制,成革的收缩温度可达110℃。电感耦合（ICP-AES）测定表明,废液中的铬含量显著降低,铬的吸收率明显提高;与传统的铬鞣法相比,可省去浸酸操作时盐的加入,并有效降低30%-40%的铬粉使用量。
In this paper, a blocked waterborne polyurethane (B-WPU) was synthesized through prepolymer-ization from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether polyols (PEG-400) and dimethylolpropionic acid (DM-PA), and subsequently blocked with NaHSO3. Structural properties, de-blocking temperature, particle size distribution, and blocking degree of synthetic product B-WPU were characterized and determined by FT-IR, DSC, Nano-ZS and iodimetric analysis respectively. Gelatin was used as a model of skin collagen, the chemi-cal reaction between collagen and B-WPU under basic environment was investigated. Results showed that the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and viscosity of modified gelatin were increased;meanwhile, the contact angle of modified gelatin film was increased, indicating decreased hydrophilicity. All of these revealed that the crosslinking reactions occurred between gelatin and B-WPU. After direct treatment of delimed and bated pelts with this B-WPU, the shrinkage temperature (TS)

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