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双语推荐：AMR

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目的 探讨术前C1q结合的供者特异性抗体(C1q+ DSA)预测高致敏肾移植受者术后早期抗体介导排斥反应(AMR)的价值.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2014年1月30例术前存在高致敏状态的肾移植受者的临床资料,采用单抗原磁珠法检测受者术前的供者特异性抗体(DSA)和C1q+ DSA,并分析术前DSA和C1q+ DSA与术后早期AMR的关系.结果 术前DSA阳性者22例,其中12例为C1q+ DSA,10例发生AMR(包括3例超急性排斥反应).术前DSA预测术后发生AMR的敏感性100％,特异性为40％,阳性预测值为45.5％,阴性预测值为100％;C1q+ DSA预测AMR的敏感性为100％,特异性为90％,阳性预测值为83.3％,阴性预测值100％.与DSA预测AMR相比,C1q+ DSA的特异性和阳性预测值均显著升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论 C1q+ DSA可以预测术后早期AMR的发生,术前区分补体结合的DSA和非补体结合的DSA,避开C1q阳性的抗HLA抗体能增加高致敏患者的移植机会,减少AMR的发生风险.
Objective To investigate the C1q fixing donor specific antibody (C1q+ DSA) predicting antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) early after transplantation in sensitized renal transplantation patients.Method DSA and C1q+ DSA were retrospectively analyzed in 30 highly sensitized renal transplant patients using a Luminex platform from Jan.2012 to Jan.2014 in our hospital.The relationship between preoperative C1q+ DSA and AMR early after transplantation was analyzed.Result DSA was detected in 20 cases before operation,C1q+ DSA in 12 cases,and AMR in 10 cases (including 3 cases of hyperacute rejection).Preoperative C1q+ DSA had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83.3％ and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100％,with 100％ sensitivity and 90％ specificity for AMR respectively.C1q+ DSA had higher positive predictive value (83.3％ vs.45.5％,P＜0.05) and higher specificity (90％ vs.40％,P＜0.01) than DSA for AMR.Conclusion The C1q assay can detect a sub-set of antibodies capable of fix

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本文根据AMR技术在GSM系统中物理层信道卷积编码规范,提出了一种可控制信道差错,降低工程实现难度的译码MATLAB仿真方案。结果表明,通过该仿真方案适合AMR语音业务信道卷积码的译码。
According to channel convolution coding standards in the physical layer of GSM system of AMR tec hnology,this paper proposed a decoding MATLAB simulation program that can control channel error and reduce difficulty of project implementation.The results show that the simulation program is appropriate for the de coding of channel convolution codes of AMR voice service.

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目的 研究探讨肾移植术后急性抗体介导排斥反应(Antibody-mediated rejection,AMR)患者的诊断与治疗,为术后出现排斥反应的患者的治疗提供宝贵的临床经验.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2010年1月于华山医院进行肾移植的392例患者,平均随访时间为24个月.其中共有24例患者于术后病理确诊为AMR,其中男性患者15例,平均年龄为(42.21±4.51)岁,女性患者9例,平均年龄为(40.29±4.23)岁.结果 19例患者通过积极的综合治疗,肾功能在3周内逐渐恢复正常,平均恢复时间为17.31±3.28d.治疗后肌酐为104.00±17.58umol/L.明显低于治疗前肌酐463.84±83.18umol/L.结论 通过早期诊断与积极治疗,绝大多数AMR患者能够及时挽回移植肾功能.19例患者至随访终点肾功能恢复良好,说明积极的综合治疗辅以密切的术后护理能够有效治疗AMR.
Objectives To explore the therapeutic regimen and diagnosis of acute antibody-mediated rejection after renal transplantation.Methods The medical records of 26 kidney transplants recipients who went acute antibody-mediated rejection after renal transplantation between January 2001 and January 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.15 patients were male aging (42.21 ±4.51) years old while 9 patients were female aging (40.29 ±4.23) years old.Results 19patient with AMR were successfully reversed after the treatment.The renal function had returned to normality in three weeks with the average serum creatinine concentration was (104.00 ± 17.58)umol/L compared with (463.84 ± 83.18) umol/L before the treatment.Conclusions It is indicated that most of AMR patients''renal function could be reversed after the treatment.19 patients''kidney are in good working after follow up.The aggressive treatment and postoperative care are of great importance for the AMR patients.

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MT6572平台是由联发科公司推出的双核Cortex-A7主频1.0GHz的智能手机平台。该平台支持AMR-NB和AMR-WB语音编解码，支持双麦克风噪声消除算法等等。文章介绍了MT6572平台的语音性能特点和高清语音的具体要求，并提出了手机实现高清语音的设计要点。
The MT6572 smart phone platform integrates a Dual-core Cortex-A7 operating up to 1.0GHz, which is designed by MediaTek Inc. The platform supports AMR-NB and AMR-WB voice codec, and supports Dual MIC noise cancel ation etc. This article mainly introduces the audio performance and theory of MT6572, the HD-VOICE conception and requirements, and gives some design guideline rules of the HD-VOICE implementation.

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针对各向异性磁电阻(AMR)传感器在受到强磁干扰后灵敏度下降问题和温漂问题，提出运用“复位/置位”脉冲对传感器进行高精度测量的技术。分析了各向异性磁电阻传感器工作原理和复位/置位结构；阐述了复位/置位测试方案和零点补偿方法；设计了相应的电路，并进行了一系列的实验验证。实验结果表明：采用基于“复位/置位”脉冲的 AMR 磁传感器高精度测试技术可以有效解决磁阻传感器受强磁干扰后灵敏度下降问题，并有效消除 AMR 传感器零点温度漂移影响，提高了传感器的测量精度。在高精度磁场测量领域具有参考意义。
For solving the problem that the AMR sensor’s sensitivity decrease and temperature drift under strong magnetic interference,a high precision measurement technology of sensor by the use of Set/Reset pulse is proposed.This paper analyzes the principle and Set/Reset structure of AMR sensor, introduces the Set/Reset test scheme and zero drift compensation method,and designs the corresponding circuit.Finally,there is a series of experimental verification.The results show that high precision meas-urement technology of sensor based on the use of Set/Reset pulse can effectivelysolve the decreased sen-sitivity problems of the magnetoresistive sensor under strong magnetic interference,and effectively elim-inate the influence of the temperature drift of zero of AMR sensor.

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自适应网格(Adaptive Mesh Refi nement,AMR)是处理时空多尺度问题的有力工具。本文针对无力场磁流体动力学,将前期工作中设计的基于WENO格式的高阶交错Godunov类型方法推广到自适应网格。其中网格自适应基于并行块结构自适应网格管理软件包PARAMESH实现。此外我们针对磁场的无散条件设计了加细比为2的块结构自适应网格上的无散提升算法。本文提出的自适应算法和无散提升算法的正确性和有效性通过在磁主导等离子体撕裂模不稳定性问题中的应用得到了验证。
Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) is a powerful technique for solving multi-spatio-temporal scale problems. In this work, we applied AMR to a force-free magnetohydrodynamics problem. A high-order WENO-based staggered Godunov-type with constrained transport proposed in our previous work is extended to AMR grids. The AMR is realized using parallel block structured grids management software package PARAMESH.In addition, we designed a divergence-free prolongation scheme for block structured AMR grids with reifnement ratio of two.The proposed schemes are tested on a tearing instability problem in magnetically dominated plasma. Numerical results demonstrated the effectiveness of the AMR and the divergence-free prolongation scheme.

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AMR-WB是一种高品质的宽带语音编码技术,其矢量量化时一般采用全搜索算法,该算法虽然精度比较高,但却存在计算复杂度高、搜索速度慢的问题.针对以上问题,提出了一种改进的矢量量化码字搜索算法.该算法引入了部分失真搜素算法,并对其初始匹配码字的设置进行了优化.仿真结果表明,改进后的算法在保证语音质量的前提下,提高了码书搜索的速度,从而改善了AMR-WB编码的效率.
Adaptive multi-rate wideband ( AMR-WB ) is a high-quality wideband voice encoding technology , in which full searching ( FS) algorithm is commonly used in vector quantification .The FS algorithm has relatively high accuracy , however , the computation is complex and the search speed is slow .To solve the defects mentioned a-bove, the authors propose a improved vector quantification codeword search algorithm , in which the partial distor-tion search algorithm is introuced and the setting of its initial matching codeword is optimized .The simulation results show that , under the premise of assuring the voice quality , the improved algorithm increases the search speed of co-debook , thereby improving the efficiency of AMR-WB encoding .

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利用多靶磁控溅射系统在康宁玻璃基片上制备了Ta(4nm)/NiO(t)/Ni81Fe19(20nm)/NiO(t)/Ta(3nm)系列坡莫合金薄膜样品,研究了NiO插层厚度、基片温度对其各向异性磁电阻和微结构的影响。利用四探针技术测量薄膜样品的各向异性磁电阻比(AMR),利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析样品的相结构,用原子力显微镜(AFM)分析样品的表面形貌。结果表明,由于NiO插层的"镜面反射"作用,选择适当厚度的NiO插层能够大幅度提高坡莫合金薄膜各向异性磁电阻比和磁场灵敏度。对于厚度为20nm的Ni81Fe19薄膜,当基片温度为450℃时,通过插入4nm厚的NiO插层可使AMR值达到5.01%,比无NiO插层时提高了40%。
A series of Ta(4nm)/NiO(t)/Ni81Fe19(20nm)/NiO(t)/Ta(3nm) ultrathin films were prepared using direct current magnetron sputtering system under appropriate conditions. Influence of NiO layer and substrate temperature on AMR of the samples are investigated. AMR value of Ni81Fe19 films are measured by four-point probe technology, the phase composition was characterized by X-ray diffraction, and surface topography of Ni81Fe19 films was observed by AFM. The experiment result shows that NiO layer with appropriate thickness could increase AMR greatly and its magnetic sensitivity of NiFe films due to the specular reflection of NiO layer. When sputtered at 450℃, the 20nm-thickness permalloy films with 4nm-thickness NiO laye has AMR value of 5.01%, increasing by 40%than that of film without NiO layer.

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肝脏作为一个免疫耐受特惠器官,通常认为不会或极少发生抗体介导性排斥反应(AMR),故以往对AMR的研究多集中于肾脏、心脏和肺脏等,在2004年美国国立卫生院拟定的AMR诊断标准和2007年Banff分类中的AMR诊断标准均没有涉及肝脏AMR.2009年我国移植病理协作组制定的《肝移植术后常见病变的病理诊断与分级指南》中,提到了原发性移植肝功能不全的临床与病理特点,现在看来有可能是AMR[1].
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随着城市机动车数量的不断增加,城市交通向智能交通方向的快速发展,传统的车辆检测器已经不能满足智能交通对交通状况反映的要求.车辆检测器的车型分类功能成为检测器发展的趋势,针对目前AMR车辆检测器弱化车型结构对磁场强度影响的问题,设计了一种新型的AMR车型识别检测器.单个检测器可以采集三个方向地磁变化量,结合一个高精度的时间模块,可以获得磁场强度在立体三维空间的变化,丰富了采集信息.通过比较常见的车型分类算法优缺点,采用DAG-SVM进行车型分类.实验测试的结果表明,该检测器可以有效地对车辆进行分类.
With the increasing number of motor vehicle, urban transport is widely assisted by intelligent transportation system (ITS),. Traditional vehicle detector cannot meet the requirements of ITS’s reflection on traffic condition, the function of vehicle classification has received great attentions. Current AMR vehicle classification detector classify vehicle by the length of vehicle but the vehicle structure. To solve this prob-lem, this paper designs a new kind vehicle classification detector. A single detector can collect three direc-tions’geomagnetic variation, and magnetic field strength changes in three-dimensional space can be gained with the combination of a high-precision time module, which enriches the collected information. By compar-ing the pros and cons of common vehicle classification algorithms, DAG-SVM is selected to classify vehi-cles. The experimental test results prove the effectiveness of vehicle classifier detector designed in this paper.

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