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双语推荐：BOD

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生化需氧量（BOD）是一项水质监测的重要指标,本文分析介绍了现有的BOD测量方法,同时分析介绍了适用于淡水、海水的BOD分析仪器。
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is one of the most important indexes in water monito-ring .This article introduces and analyses the development of existing measuring BOD methods .And it also introduces and analyses BOD instruments for freshwater and seawater .

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对LTT阀BOD动作的原因进行了分析，并结合直流系统调试、运行过程中出现BOD动作后所采取的处理措施案例，给出了在后续运维中的预控建议。
This paper analyzes the reason why BOD appears in the converter valve and gives advice about how to deal with the BOD during operation period with some example instances.

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本文介绍了进口废PET瓶(砖)相关情况及COD和BOD5的概念及原理,研究了不同国家或地区进口的废PET瓶(砖)COD和BOD5之间的联系并得出以下结论:BOD5随着COD的增大而增大,两者之间存在一元线性关系即BOD5=aCOD+b,该线性关系与普通废水的线性关系存在较大差别;不同国家或地区进口的废PET瓶(砖)COD和BOD5的线性关系各不相同。根据实验结论,我们按照不同进口国家或地区废PET瓶(砖)的特点,在快速检测COD后,利用相关线性关系可以快速计算BOD5值,为BOD5值检测过程中确定稀释倍数提供参考,也为检验检疫工作中进口废PET瓶(砖)的应急监测提供技术方法参考。
This article describes the relevant circumstances of the imported waste PET bottles(brick)and the concepts and principles of COD and BOD5 ,researches in different countries or regions of linkages between COD and BOD5 of the waste PET bottles(brick),and the following conclusions:BOD5 is with the increase of COD ,and there is a linear relationship between BOD5 and COD:BOD5=aCOD+b. The linear relationship between BOD5 and COD is different from the common wastewater;The linear relationship of COD and BOD5 of the imported waste PET bottles(brick)from different countries or regions are also different. According to experimental results,we can finish the detection of COD first and be according to the waste PET bottles(brick)from different importing countries or regions,then use the relevant linear relationship to calculate the approximation of BOD5 quickly;it can also work for the inspection and quarantine of the imported waste PET bottles(brick)to provide technical methods of emergency monito

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由于垃圾渗滤液水质的不稳定性,给垃圾渗滤液处理厂的设计造成了很大影响.对垃圾渗滤液多年的水质检测数据进行了分析,得出垃圾渗滤液水质的演变特征.研究结果表明:随着垃圾填埋时间的延长,垃圾渗滤液中的CODcr、BOD5与BOD5/CODcr值都有下降的趋势,而氨氮值却有上升的趋势;CODcr与BOD5的逐年平均变化量曲线相似;BOD5/CODcr值与氨氮的逐年平均变化曲线走势相反.
T here are impenetrable effects to the design of leachate treatment plant because of a highly unstable of leachate quality The monitor data of landfill leachate are analyzed to get the evolution characteristics of the leachate .The analysis results are :With time extension of landfill ,there is a decline trend of CODcr ,BOD5 and BOD5/CODcr ,but there is a upward tendency of ammonium ;The average variation value carves of CODcr and BOD5 are similar ;The average variation value carves of BOD5/CODcr and ammonium tend to move in the opposite direction.

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通过实验,对比研究了采用商业混合菌种(Polyseed)改进传统方法测定BOD5的可行性。研究结果表明,相比于采用地表水作为接种水的传统方法,采用进口商业混合菌种配制接种稀释水BOD5(空白值)更稳定,可以改进传统BOD5测定方法,使得日常监测工作更为便捷。
This article studied the feasibility to improve the method of BOD5 test by using the Polyseed and comparing the results of traditional methods.The results showed that,as compared to the results of traditional methods seeded by surface water,the BOD5 of the dilution water (control)seeded by Polyseed was more stable.Therefore,the new method using the Polyseed can improve the tra-ditional method of BOD5 test and makes daily monitoring more convenient.

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在污水处理过程中，BOD(生化需氧量)是评价水质好坏和处理效果的关键参数之一。由于其涉及很多复杂的生化反应过程，因此长期以来 BOD 的测量都存在着很多问题，具体表现在：国际通用的标准检测方法测量滞后性较大，快速检测方法测量成本过高且测量不准确。针对这些问题，在此结合神经网络软测量技术，设计了一种软硬件结合的水质参数软测量仪表，实现对水质参数 BOD 的快速检测。仪表硬件部分包括 PH(酸碱度)、ORP(氧化还原电位)、DO(溶解氧)、温度的检测设备，软件部分是神经网络软测量软件。仪表的创新性在于将硬件检测和神经网络软测量相结合设计出了1套切实可用的软测量仪表，仪表实现快速在线检测和在线调整，可以适用于不同的污水处理系统。经实践验证表明该软测量仪表可以实现 BOD 的快速精确软测量，解决现有的BOD测量仪表测量耗时过长，仪器昂贵等缺陷，具有广阔的应用前景。
BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) is one of the key parameters in evaluating water quality and sewage effect. Measuring BOD is very difficult because it involves many complex biochemical reaction process. Specific evidence is that international standard test method of measuring BOD has big hysteresis. Besides the instrument would be too expansive and the results might not be precise if we want to make it faster. To solve these problems, using Neural network soft measurement technology, an instrument which combines software and hardware has been devised to measure water quality parameters of BOD rapidly. The hardware in instrument involves devices detecting PH, ORP, DO and temperature. The neural network has been used in the software. Innovation of the Instrument lies in combining hardware detection and neural network soft measurement to design a set of practical and available soft measuring instrument. This soft measuring instrument make it possible to predict BOD on-line rapidly and acc

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为研究泰安市某污水处理厂采用改良Coxrousel氧化沟工艺处理矿区污水的效果，本文比较分析了该污水处理厂改造前后进出水中COD、BOD、氦氮和SS的浓度大小，并得出如下结论：改造后污水处理厂对COD、BOD、氦氮和SS的去除率分别在72 5％、65 9％、55 8％和84 6％左右，与改造前的49 1％、56 0％、6 4％和86 8％相比，除SS的去除率基本不变外，COD、BOD、氦氮的去除率均有所提高，出水整体能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GBl8918-2002）一级B标准，即COD≤60 mg／L，BOD≤20 mg／L，SS≤20 mg／L，氦氮≤15 mg／L；氦氮去除效果与改造前相比得到明显改善，去除率提高了49 4％。
In order to study the wastewater treatment in mining area in Tai''an which used the improved Carrousel oxidation ditch process in a wastewater treatment plant, this paper compared and analyzed the concentration size of COD, BOD, NH3-N and SS before and after the sewage treatment plant improvement. And the paper drawn the following conclusions:after the sewage treatment plant using the improved sewage treatment process, the removal rate of COD、BOD、NH3-N and SS changed from 49.1%,56.0%,6.4%, 86.8% to 72.5%,65.9%,55.8% , 84.6%.The removal rate of SS remained unchanged basically. The removal efficiency of COD, BOD and NH3-N were improved. The effluent can reach the level of B standard of"town sewage treatment plant pollutant discharge standard" ( GB18918-2002 ) on the whole, which is COD ≤ 60 mg / L, BOD ≤ 20 mg / L, SS≤ 20 mg / L, NH3-N≤15 mg / L. And the removal effect of NH3-N has changed obviously which removal rate increased by 49.4%.

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江西某纺织企业采用初沉＋水解酸化＋CASS＋混凝沉淀吸附＋过滤组合工艺处理纺织工业印染废水，处理水量为8000 m3/d。调试运行结果表明，当进水COD、BOD5、SS分别为2000、450、300 mg/L，色度为800倍时，出水COD、BOD5、SS分别为54、10、30 mg/L，色度为30倍，平均COD、BOD5、SS和色度去除率分别为97.3%、97.8%、90.0%和96.3%，出水水质稳定，达到《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》（GB 4287—2012）中新建企业水污染物排放限值的要求。
The combined process,primary settling/hydrolytic acidification/CASS/coagulation sedimentation/filtration, has been used for treating the printing and dyeing wastewater in a textile enterprise ,Jiangxi Province. The amount of wastewater treated a day is 8 000 m3. The results show that the COD,BOD5,SS and chroma of the effluent are 54,10,30 mg/L and 30 times,respectively,and the removing rates of COD,BOD5,SS,and chroma are 97.3%, 97.8%,90.0% and 96.3%,respectively,when the COD,BOD5,SS,and chroma of the influent are 2 000,450,300 mg/L and 800 times,respectively. The quality of the final effluent is stable,and can meet the requirements for the discharge standard of water pollutants of new enterprise for dyeing and finishing of textile Industry(GB 4287—2012).

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以天津市24座城市污水处理厂实际运行数据为基础，系统分析了进水水质特征及有机物、氮、磷和悬浮物之间的概率分布及相关关系。结果表明，天津市污水中BOD5、CODCr、SS、NH3-N、TN和TP全年浓度均呈正偏态分布，其月中间值分布范围分别为95~140、280~370、130~155、15~30、20~35和3~5 mg/L。进水各水质指标间存在较好的一元线性关系，其中BOD5与TP相关性最为显著，R2为0.983。进水BOD5/CODCr分布在0.4~0.6的概率为39.4%，分布在0.2~0.4的概率为50.2%，说明天津市污水的可生化性较好。BOD5/TN＜4的概率为54.4%，表明多数情况下进水反硝化碳源不足。BOD5/TP＞20的累积概率为77.9%，表明进水可以满足生物除磷的需求。TN/TP分布在5~15的概率为73.6%，平均值为9.7，且TN/TP〉5的概率为81.6%，表明进水能够满足微生物生长对氮、磷的需求。
The influents of 24 wastewater treatment plants in Tianjin were investigated to analyze the characteristics of water quality , the probability distribution of the main pollution indicators , and the correlations among the organic matter, suspended solids , nitrogen and phosphorus .The results showed that the trend of BOD 5 , CODCr , SS, NH3-N, TN and TP in the influents were in accordance with positively skewed distribution , and the concentrations of BOD5, CODCr, SS, NH3-N, TN and TP (monthly median) were in the range of 95-140 mg/L, 280-370 mg/L, 130-155 mg/L, 15-30 mg/L, 20-35 mg/L and 3-5 mg/L, respectively.Simple linear relationships among the six indicators could be observed , where BOD5 and TP have a significant correlation , and the correlation coefficients R2 was 0.983.The probability distribution of BOD 5/CODCr ratios between 0.4 and 0.6 was 39.4%, and between 0.2 and 0.4 was at 50.2%of the cumulative frequency , indicating an adequate biodegradation ability of the influents

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[目的]探讨东昌湖有机物及氮素污染动态变化。[方法]选取2002～2011年东昌湖六湖区的有机物指标 BOD5与 CODCr及氮素指标NH3鄄N与TN的监测数据进行分析。[结果]1～6#湖区湖水水质监测期内呈恶化趋势，主要污染因子为 TN；BOD5/CODCr比值较小，表明湖水有机污染物可生化程度较低， NH3/TN比值变化较大，六湖区 NH3鄄N 在2002、2003、2010年是引起其湖区氮素超标主要因素；六湖区 BOD5与 CODCr、NH3鄄N与 TN呈显著的正相关关系。[结论]为东昌湖水质改善提供一定的理论参考。
The aim was to explore dynamic changes of organic matter and nitrogen pol ution in Dongchang Lake. [Method] Monitoring data, including BOD5, CODCr, NH3-N and TN, of Dongchang Lake were chosen for analysis during 2002-2011. [Result] Water quality of the six lake districts showed deteriorating in monitor-ing period, and TN was the dominant pol ution factor; BOD5/CODCr ratio was low, suggesting biodegradability of organic pol utant in the lake was lower. NH3/TN ratio was higher, indicating NH3-N was a major factor causing nitrogen exceeding in 2010. In addition, correlations between BOD5 and CODCr and between NH3-N and TN in the lake districts maintained at a significant level. [Conclusion] The research provides references for improving water in Dongchang Lake.

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