近年来对小直径种植体的临床应用和系统研究逐渐增多。该文报告上颌3颗 ITI 3．3 mm 种植体折断病例1例，结合临床分析及相关文献可认为在特殊条件下如咬合负担过重，种植体存在机械并发症（如金属疲劳，缝隙腐蚀及氢脆）时，小直径种植体机械强度方面的不足可能更容易导致种植体折断的发生。

The application and studies of reduced diameter implants(RDI)are increasing recently.A case with fracture of three 3.3 mm ITI implants in maxilla was reported in this paper.Combined with the related literature,overload,mechanical complications(such as fatigue, crevice corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement)and the insufficiency of mechanical properties of RDI may lead to the fracture.

探讨前牙美学区即刻种植即刻美学修复的临床特点及修复后的美学效果。方法:18例患者22枚ITI和Replace种植体前牙区即刻种植即刻临时冠修复,对种植体成功率及周围牙龈附着状况进行观察,6个月后永久冠修复。结果:1枚种植体在愈合期内脱落,其余种植体在修复后12个月时均有骨结合,临床效果良好。结论:前牙美学区即刻种植即刻美学修复时多因素可影响种植体的成功率及软组织美学效果,严格掌控适应证,才能获得理想的美学效果。

Objective: To explore the anterior dental esthetics in immediate implant and immediate aesthetic restoration of clinical features and repair after aesthetic effect. Methods: 18 patients with 22 ITI and Replace implants in anterior region of immediate implant and immediate provisional restoration, implant success rate and the surrounding gingival attachment status were observed, 6 months after permanent crown restoration. Results: 1 implants during the healing period off, the remaining implants in the repair after 12 months when they are combined with bone, the clinical effect is good. Conclusion:anterior dental esthetics in immediate implant and immediate aesthetic repair of more factors can influence implant success rate and aesthetic effectiveness of soft tissue, a strict control of indications, we can get ideal aesthetics effect.

观察微创环切术在口腔种植中的临床应用,并评价其美学效果。方法:选择牙槽骨骨量充足的30例患者作为微创组,使用微创环切术植入ITI柱状螺纹种植体30枚。并选择同期行单牙位常规翻瓣种植的30例患者作为对照组。观察手术时间、临床效果和修复后的美学效果。结果:微创环切术在手术时间、临床效果和修复后美学效果等较常规翻瓣组有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:只要严格选择适应症,规范手术操作,微创环切术较常规翻瓣术的手术时间短,术后反应小,临床效果和美学效果更佳,患者满意度高。

Objective: To observe clinical application of minimally invasive flapless technique in oral implant surgery, and evaluate its aesthetic effect. Methods: 30 cases of patients with suffient alveolar bone as minimally invasive group, using minimally invasive flapless to implanted 30 ITI column screw implant. And the same row selected single tooth of 30 patients with conventional flap operation as control group. To observe operation time, clinic effect, and aesthetic effect after repair. Results:There was statistically significant difference of the operation time, clinic effect, aesthetic effect after repaired between minimal-ly invasive flapless technology group and conventional flap operation group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Mini-mally invasive flapless technique has shorter operation time, smaller postoperative reaction, better clini-cal effect and aesthetic effect than conventional flap operation. As long as strictly selected indications, standardized operation, minimally invasive flapless t

目的： ITI短种植体在上下颌后牙区的临床观察及效果评价。方法：选择2005年10月至2013年10月间，在我院接受上下颌后牙区短种植体手术治疗的患者26例，共31枚种植体。随访4月~8年，观察指标包括X线片、临床检查，软组织（指标：牙槽骨吸收情况、牙龈指数、探针深度）等。结果：观察期间未发现短种植体出现松动、断裂，种植部位出现疼痛不适等情况，种植体愈合良好。修复后患者咀嚼功能恢复良好，种植体周围软组织健康，患者对短种植体的修复满意。结论：只要严格选择适应症，规范手术操作，短种植体在一定程度上能解决牙槽骨高度不足的问题，避免复杂的外科手术，减少创伤。

Objective:Aimed to study clinical observation of ITI short dental implants in the posterior region, and evaluate its effects. Methods: A total of 31 subjects from 26 patients were selected from our hospital which received short implants in posterior areas between October, 2005 to October, 2013. In 4 months~ 8 years, the study in this project were including radiographic, clinical examination, peri-implant soft-tissue parameters (including: the absorption of alveolar bone, gingival index, probe depth) etc. Results: All short implants were not occurred loosen, broken and no pain in the ares of implants. Between the implants and the bone tissue were healing well. The masticatory function of the patients could be recovered, and the soft tissue surrounding the implant ares was health. The short implants were satisfied by the patients. Conclusion: Treatment with short implants can be considered safe and predictable if used under strict clinical protocols, and could in a certain exte

探讨以颏部块状骨移植修复上颌前牙区骨量不足,二期行ITI种植术修复该区缺失牙的临床效果。方法:2009年7月~2012年5月间完成的上前牙区颏部块状骨移植后种植修复病例21例,平均年龄27.7岁(18~42岁)。单牙缺失14例,多牙缺失7例,共28枚种植体。结果:移植骨块愈合期平均6.3个月(4.5~10.0个月),种植体骨结合期平均5.2个月(3.5~9.0个月)。1例术后创口开裂,经局部处理后为粘膜重新覆盖;3例术后出现下唇麻木、其中1例同时伴下前牙感觉异常,经治疗后3例下唇麻木症状消失,下前牙感觉异常症状改善。21例均完成最终修复,平均随访17.3个月(12~30个月)。植入的28枚种植体成功率达100%。结论:通过自体颏部块状骨移植改善上颌前牙区骨量不足,种植治疗能取得比较理想的效果。

Objective: To demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of ridge augmentation by using autogenous chin graft for the lack of bone mass of the anterior maxilla, following by secondary ITI implantation. Methods: From July 2009 to May 2012, 21 patients with severe alveolar ridge resorption in anterior maxilla were included in this survey. The patients` age ranged from 18 to 42 with an average age of 27.7 years old. 14 out of the 21 patients presented with missing single tooth while the rest of 7 lost multiple teeth. A total of 28 implants were embedded. Bone grafts harvested from mandible chin were used for augmentation. Results:After 4.5 to 10.0 months healing period (mean 6.3 months), 21 patients underwent dental implants placement, 3 to 9 months later(mean 5.2 months)these implants were all re-stored with ceramic crowns/bridges. Flap dehiscence was observed in one case, which is recovered by mucosa after local treatment; 3 patients were observed with postoperative lower lip hypoesthesia,