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双语推荐：PbTiO

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本文利用反射式飞秒抽运-探测技术,系统研究了飞秒激光诱导La和Nb共掺杂的铁酸铋(Bi0.8La0.2Fe0.99Nb0.01O3)薄膜中纵向声学声子的动力学过程,声学声子的产生源于光致应变效应.实验发现不同的衬底(ZrO2和PbMg1/3Nb2/3-PbTiO3)可以调制外延生长的Bi0.8La0.2Fe0.99Nb0.01O3薄膜的面外弹性系数C⊥.此外,通过对压电晶体衬底PbMg1/3Nb2/3-PbTiO3外加电压,实现了对薄膜应力的调制.
Coherent longitudinal acoustic phonons in Bi0.8La0.2Fe0.99Nb0.01O3 (BLFNO) films are photo-induced and detected by the femtosecond time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy. The generation mechanism of coherent longitudinal acoustic phonons is attributed to the transient photostriction effect. The strain modulation of the out-of-plane elastic properties C⊥ is realized in BLFNO films deposited on different substrates (ZrO2 and PbMg1/3Nb2/3-PbTiO3). Strain modulation of the thin film is demonstrated by applying an electromotive force on the piezoelectric substrate PbMg1/3Nb2/3-PbTiO3.

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利用溶胶-凝胶法在LaNiO3/SiO2/Si衬底上分别制备出0.7BiFeO3-0.3PbTiO3(BFPT7030),PbTiO3(PT)-BFPT7030(BFPT7030-1、BFPT7030-2)薄膜。通过对薄膜进行XRD、AFM测试可知,薄膜均完全结晶,并呈现高度(100)择优取向,3种薄膜的表面平整,均方根粗糙度较小。通过介电性能、铁电性能及漏电流测试结果可知,增加有PT缓冲层的BFPT7030薄膜的介电性能、铁电性能有所改善,漏电流较小。其中BFPT7030-2薄膜的剩余极化最大,达到38μC/cm2。
Thin films of 0.7BiFeO3-0.3PbTiO3 (BFPT7030 ),PbTiO3 (PT)-BFPT7030 (BFPT7030-1,BF-PT7030-2)were prepared on LaNiO3/SiO2/Si substrate by sol-gel process.The test results of XRD and AFM show that the thin films were fully crystalized and reveal highly (100)preferred orientation.These thin films demonstrate smooth surface and the root-mean-squares (RMS)are small.The BFPT7030 thin films with PT buffer layer have improvement dielectric and ferroelectric properties from the test results,and the leakage cur-rent was less than the BFPT7030 thin film without PT buffer layer.The film of BFPT7030-2 demonstrate the largest remnant polarization of 38μC/cm2 .

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电子背散射衍射试样的制备质量对其成像效果有重要的影响。电子背散射衍射试样的制备方法已由传统的机械抛光、机械化学抛光和电解抛光发展到离子减薄、聚焦离子束和最新的截面抛光等。介绍了工业纯铁和PbTiO3微米粉末电子背散射衍射试样的制备方法。
The preparation quality of electron backscatter diffraction ( EBSD ) sample will exert a significant influence on the imaging effect .The methods of preparing EBSD sample have developed from conventional mechanical , mechanical-chemical and electrolytic polishings to ion thinning , focused ion-beam and cross section polishing .The examples of preparing EBSD samples of pure iron and micro-level PbTiO 3 powder were introduced .

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采用脉冲激光沉积技术,在LaAlO3和0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3两种单晶基片上外延生长了La0.8Ca0.2MnO3薄膜.X射线衍射分析表明两种薄膜皆为单取向生长,且面内分别受到压应力和张应力作用.晶格失配造成的应力对薄膜的电阻和金属-绝缘相转变温度Tp影响很大.对LCMO/PMN-PT施加外电场,从而调节薄膜所受应力也可以调制其电阻和Tp.
La0.8 Ca0.2 MnO3 thin films were epitaxially grown on LaAlO3 and 0.67Pb (Mg1/3 Nb2/3) O3-0.33 PbTiO3 crystal substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique .X ray diffraction analysis showed that the two kinds of films were single orientation grown , and the two films were under compressive and tensile stress respectively .Stress induced by lattice mismatch played great role on the resistance and metal-insulator phase transition temperature Tp of the films.Applying external electric field on LCMO/PMN-PT, thereby regulating the film stress, can also modulate the resistance and Tp .

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采用传统的电子陶瓷的制备方法，以铁酸铋（BFO）为掺杂原料，在不同掺杂量制备了Bi （Mg1／2 Ti1／2）O3-PbTiO3-xBiFeO3陶瓷．使用X射线衍射仪、介电温谱测试系统、环境扫描电镜、准静态d33测量仪对样品进行表征，结果表明：准同型相界附近的陶瓷试样中，随着烧结温度升高，密度降低，并且在1075℃烧结温度下，不同BFO含量的样品均形成单一的钙钛矿（ABO3）型固溶体结构．BFO的掺杂能够有效降低粉末的平均颗粒尺寸，普通球磨的粉体添加x＝0．015 mol BFO在1075℃烧结的样品表现出较为优秀的铁电性能．
Ceramic with the chemical compositions of Bi (Mg1/2 Ti1/2 )O3-PbTiO3-xBiFeO3 (BMT-PT-xBFO)piezoelectric ceramic were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method.The samples were tested and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD ),dielectric temperature spectrum test system, environment scanning electron microscopy (SEM),quasi-static d33 meter.The results show that the density of samples decrease with sintering temperature.When sintering temperature is 1 075 ℃,different amount of BFO samples form a single perovskite structure (ABO3 )solid solution.BiFeO3 doping can effectively reduce the average particle size of powder.It can be found that the BMT-PT ceramics obtained with 0.015 mol BiFeO3 addition and sintered at 1 075 ℃ show excellent performance relatively.

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在弹性力学模型下,推导非理想耦合状态的磁电(ME)电压系数公式.利用CoFe2O4(CFO)随磁场变化的磁致伸缩特性,得到Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3(PMN-PT)与CFO复合材料的磁电电压系数随磁场以及各参量的变化关系公式.研究了磁电电压系数在磁场下随磁场强度、压电相体积分数v、界面耦合系数k以及PMN-PT介电常数之间的变化关系.研究结果发现:磁电电压系数随PMN-PT体积分数和磁场强度的增大,表现为先增大,后逐渐减小至零;磁电电压系数强烈地依赖于界面耦合系数,耦合系数减小会极大降低复合材料的磁电效应;同时,磁电效应具有一定的频率特性,随着频率的逐渐增大而增大,直至达到稳定.
In terms of elasticity mechanical theory model ,the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient formula is estab-lished ,using the magnetostrictive properties of CoFe2 O4 (CFO) in the magnetic field ,we obtain the changing re-lations of Pb(Mg1/3 Nb2/3 ) O3 -PbTiO3 (PMN-PT )/CFO magnetoelectric voltage coefficient changing with the magnetic field and other parameters .The magnetoelectric voltage coefficient is also studied as the function of the Magnetic field intensity 、PMN-PT volume fraction v、interface coupling coefficient k and PMN -PT dielectric constant in magnetic field .The results show that the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient increase firstly ,then gradually decreases to zero with the increase of PMN -PT volume fraction and magnetic intensity ;the magneto-electric voltage coefficient strongly depends on the interface coupling coefficient ,which will largely reduce mag-netoelectric effect ;Meanwhile ,Magnetoelectric effect has a certain frequency characteristic ,with the

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铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅陶瓷由于其优异的性能而有着广泛的应用.采用两步法制备了组分为0.9Pb(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3-0.1PbTiO3(0.9PMN-0.1PT)的弛豫铁电陶瓷,并对其介电-温度特性和热释电特性等进行了研究.结果表明,0.9PMN-0.1PT陶瓷介电-温度曲线服从Uchino和Nomural改进的居里-外斯定理,表现出很强的介电弛豫特性,介电峰明显宽化,频率色散强烈,峰值温度Tm随频率增大向高温移动,弛豫因子达到1.89.热释电流密度曲线平缓,在整个加热范围均有电荷释放,室温时热释电系数达到100pC·m-2 K-1.
The lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate ceramics are extensively use due to their excellent di-electric properties .The relaxor ferroelectricceramic 0.9Pb(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3-0.1PbTiO3(0.9PMN-0.1PT) was fabricated through two steps method .The dielectric properties ,dielectric constant and loss depend-ent on temperature ,pyroelectric ,were experimentally investigated .The results show that the dielectric constant-temperature curve obey the modified C-W law by Uchino and Nomural .The 0.9PMN-0.1PT ceramic reveal strong dielectric relaxor behavior ,wide dielectric peak ,strong frequency dispersion ,and the peak temperature Tm shift to higher with the frequency increasing ,the relaxor factor is 1 .89 .The py-roelectric curve change slowly and continuously release charges during whole heating process .The pyroe-lectric coefficient is 100pC · m -2 K -1 inroom temperature .

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采用固相合成法制备0.55（0.1BiYbO3-0.9PbTiO3）-0.45PbZrO3＋0.2％La2O3（BY-PT-PZ-La0.2）压电陶瓷。研究了烧结温度对BY-PT-PZ-La0.2雎电陶瓷相结构、微观形貌及电学性能的影响。在1080～1220℃烧结温度范围内，样品的主相均为四方钙钛矿结构，c／a值由1.024提高到1.031。随烧结温度升高，Curie温度死保持在379～385℃范围，相对密度和介电常数呈先增大后减小趋势，在1130℃分别达到最大值97.58％和D1068。由于高致密度、较低的四方度c／a和较少的ZrO2杂相，在此温度烧结的陶瓷可获得最优电学性能：压电常数d33=276 pC／N，Tc=382℃，剩余极化强度P=14.15μC／cm^2，机电耦合系数kp=49.73％，介电损耗tan δ=0.023。
The 0.55(0.1BiYbO3-0.9PbTiO3)-0.45PbZrO3+0.2%La2O3(BY-PT-PZ-La0.2) piezoelectric ceramic was synthesized by a conventional solid-phase sintering. The influence of sintering temperature on the crystalline phase, microstructure and electrical prop-erties of the ceramics was investigated. All the ceramics sintered at 1 080-1 220℃possess a perovskite host phase with the tetragonal symmetry. The relative density and dielectric constantεr increase initially and then decrease with raising sintering temperature. The optimum values of the relative density and dielectric constantεr at 1 130℃are 97.58%and 1 068, respectively, in an increased c/a ratio range from 1.024 to 1.031 and in a TC range from 379 to 385℃. The optimized piezoelectric properties, i.e., d33=276 pC/N, TC=382℃, kp=49.73%, Pr=14.15μC/cm2, tanδ=0.023 were also obtained at 1 130℃due to the combined effect of the higher density, the lower c/a ratio as well as a small amount of ZrO2 impurity.

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近年来,实验发现钛酸铅基材料具有负热膨胀性,且其热膨胀程度会受到掺杂元素的影响.目前所研究的A位掺杂体系中,仅Cd原子掺杂能使钛酸铅负热膨胀性增强.所以研究A位掺杂钛酸铅,比较Cd原子与其他原子在掺杂钛酸铅时化学键的异同,有助于深刻理解钛酸铅负热膨胀的本质.本文利用第一性原理,分别优化了Sr、Ba、Cd掺杂钛酸铅的晶格常数,计算了它们的态密度和电荷密度.结果表明Cd―O键的共价性强于Pb―O键,而Ba―O键和Sr―O键几乎呈离子性,Ba/Sr对Pb的替代削弱了化合物的共价性,降低了自发极化强度.与实验测量的热膨胀系数对比可以发现,A位原子与氧原子之间的共价性增强,化合物负热膨胀程度升高;若A位原子与氧原子之间的共价性削弱,负热膨胀程度降低.可见A位原子与氧原子之间的共价性影响了钛酸铅基化合物负热膨胀性.
Recent experimental results have indicated that the negative thermal expansion is a common phenomenon in PbTiO3-based materials, and that this expansion is affected by various substitutions. Interestingly, Cd substitution in PbTiO3 has a unique effect compared with other A-site substitutions, in that it enhances negative thermal expansion. Therefore, studying A-site substitution in PbTiO3, the role of which still remains unclear, would provide a deeper understanding of the nature of the negative thermal expansion of PbTiO3-based materials. Herein we report the results of structural calculations, densities of states and the minimum electron densities of Pb1-xSrxTiO3, Pb1-xBaxTiO3, and Pb1-xCdxTiO3 supercells on the basis of chemical bond first-principles calculations. The results demonstrate that the hybridization between Cd-O orbitals is more pronounced than that between Pb-O orbitals, while the bonding between Ba/Sr and O is almost ionic in nature. Cd substitution was found to have an

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针对真空平板玻璃封接温度较低和玻璃与封接焊料要具有相匹配热膨胀系数的特点,实验选定PbO-TiO2-SiO2-RxOy系封接焊料,采用真空熔接法侧边封接真空平板玻璃,利用EBSD、EDS、XRD方法分析了真空平板玻璃封接层的显微组织结构与物相组成,研究了封接层与玻璃界面处结合性与稳定性,并对真空平板玻璃封边进行了剪切强度与气密性实验,测定了真空平板玻璃封边处的剪切性能与气密性能,探讨了真空平板玻璃的封接机制。结果表明,封接层与玻璃之间的界面清晰,结合紧密,封接效果良好,封接层分为厚度在7~9μm的界面反应润湿层与厚度在180~190μm的熔融层两个部分,界面处出现了元素迁移,并在界面反应润湿层生成了少量的PbTiO3。封接层无明显裂纹,存在少量不连通的气孔,但不影响其气密性能,封边气密性达到1.0×10-9 Pa·m3/s。
According to the characteristics of lower sealing temperature of the vacuum plate glass and coefficient of thermal expansion of phase match between the glass and the sealing solder,the experiment selected the seal-ing solder of the PbO-TiO2-SiO2-Rx Oy system.The edges of the vacuum plate glass were sealed with welding process under vacuum.The microstructure and phase composition of sealing edges of the vacuum plate glass were analyzed for EBSD,EDS and XRD.The associative property and stability at the interfaces between the sealing layer and the glass were studied.And the sealing solder of the vacuum plate glass was experimented with shear strength and air tightness,and measured shear performance and airtight performance.Sealing mechanism of the vacuum plate glass was explored.The results show that the interface between the glass and the sealing solder was clear,related closely and sealing effect was well.The sealing layer divides into the wetting layer for reacting with the i

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