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双语推荐：TA2钛

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以六钽酸钠（Na8 Ta6 O19）为原料，采用水热法实现了烧绿石型 Na2 Ta2 O6、钙钛矿型NaTaO3以及Na2 Ta2 O6／NaTaO3复合光催化剂的可控合成。通过X射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、紫外‐可见漫反射光谱对样品进行了表征，研究了水热反应中碱浓度、溶剂类型、pH值等对钽酸钠晶体结构和形貌的影响。光催化降解亚甲基蓝结果表明，光催化降解活性顺序为Na2 Ta2 O6／NaTaO3＞Na2 Ta2 O6＞NaTaO3，复合相中Na2 Ta2 O6和NaTaO3之间形成了异质结，能够有效的抑制光生电子空穴对的复合。
Pyrochlore structure (Na2 Ta2 O6 ) ,perovskite structure (NaTaO3 ) and composite of sodium tantalate (Na2 Ta2 O6/NaTaO3 ) photocatalysts were controllably synthesized using sodium hexatantalate (Na8 Ta6 O19 ) as precursor via hydrothermal method .The physical properties of the as‐prepared samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction(XRD) ,field e‐mission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM ) and UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and the effects of the alkali concentration ,solvent type and pH on the crystal struc‐ture and morphology of the sodium tantalate were discussed .The photocatalytic degradation results of methylene blue indicated that the activity was in the following order :Na2 Ta2 O6/NaTaO3 > Na2 Ta2 O6 > NaTaO3 .The highest photocatalytic activity of Na2 Ta2 O6/NaTaO3 can be attributed to that heterojunction was formed between the Na2 Ta2 O6 and NaTaO3 par‐ticles and the heterojunction significantly prevented the recombination of the electron‐hol

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为了提高TA2钛合金的耐磨性和耐蚀性，采用激光相变硬化-气体渗氮工艺对TA2钛进行表面改性。利用体视光学显微镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对TA2激光相变硬化-气体渗氮层进行表面形貌、微观组织和相组成分析；利用显微硬度计对两种复合改性层的显微硬度进行测试。结果表明：TA2钛表面经激光相变硬化后，可实现430℃低温渗氮。此条件下晶粒得到细化，亚结构和缺陷密度的增加有利于氮元素和晶内扩散，相变组织与氮势梯度具有良好的对应关系。通过改善渗层的组织结构和化学成分分布状态，获得了性能优良的TA2钛表面硬化层。
To improve the abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of TA2 titanium, a laser transformation hardening-gas nitriding process was adopted to carry out the surface modification. Analysis was made for the surface morphology, microstructure and phase constitution of TA2 laser transformation hardening-gas nitrided layer by OM, TEM and XRD;and microhardness tester was used to test the microhardness of the two composite modified surfaces. The results indicate that after undergoing laser transformation hardening, the surface of TA2 titanium can be nitrided at a low temperature of 430 ℃. Under this condition, the grains are refined. The increase in sub-structure and defect density is more conducive to the intragranular diffusion of nitrogen, and there is a good correspondence between the phase transformation structure and nitrogen potential gradient. TA2 titanium surface-hardened layer with good performance is obtained through improving the structure of nitrided layer and the

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针对TA2钛材在高温时对H,O和N的强烈吸收作用以及与C,Fe和Si等杂质发生反应,易产生裂纹、气孔等缺陷的特点,分析了TA2+16MnR钛钢复合板的焊接性能。并从焊前准备、焊接方法和焊接材料的选择、焊接工艺参数和焊接顺序的确定以及具体的焊接操作等方面给出了TA2+16MnR钛钢复合板焊接时的注意事项和合理的焊接工艺。实际焊接效果表明,确定的焊接工艺合理,焊接质量较好。
Against TA2 titanium in high temperature on H, O, N strong absorption effect and react with impurities such as C, Fe,Si, the characteristics of easy to produce the defects such as cracks, porosity, it analyzed the welding performance of TA2+16MnR clad plate, provided precautions and reasonable welding process in welding from several aspects, such as preparation before welding, selection of welding method and welding material, determination of welding parameters and welding sequence, and specific welding operation. The practical welding results showed the selected welding process is reasonable and welding quality is good.

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使用快速横流的CO2连续激光器在工业纯钛TA2表面进行激光气体氮化改性处理,制备形成致密、无裂纹缺陷的改性层.用扫描电镜和能谱分析仪对激光气体氮化改性层的色泽、宏观形貌和微观组织进行分析;利用显微硬度计对氮化区域的显微硬度进行测试.研究结果表明:经过激光表面氮化处理后,在基体纯钛TA2表面发生了化合反应,生成以TiN为增强相的金黄色耐磨涂层.氮化改性层的组织主要是由细小的、枝晶状的TiN构成.随着激光输出功率的增加,TiN涂层的色泽特征由浅变深,表面形态由平整变为皱状.工业纯钛TA2显微硬度提高,表面强化明显.
The process of laser gas nitriding on the surface of commercial pure titanium TA2 was carried out and the compact coating layer without crack defects was obtained by 5 kW continuous wave CO2 laser under N2 environment.The microstructure of nitriding coating layer was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS),and the microhardness of the nitriding layer was measured by microhardness meter.The results show that TiN is formed on the surface of TA2 which serves as a reinforcing phase by laser gas nitriding.The nitriding layer mainly consists of TiN with fine and dendritic structures.The surface color and feature of the TiN coating layer change with the increase of laser power.The microhardness and properties of TA2 are improved obviously.

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在生产经验的积累基础上,对氧含量、冷加工率及热处理制度等对TA1钛板材力学性能和组织的影响进行了研究。结果表明,氧含量对纯钛板材性能有明显的影响,板材氧含量在0.07%~0.10%范围内,TA1钛板材可满足航空要求;冷加工率及热处理制度对纯钛板材的组织和性能均具有重要影响,当冷加工率在30%~50%范围时,经(550~650)℃×(0.5~2)h(炉冷)处理后的TA1钛板材,其性能和组织能达到航空板材的要求。
Based on production and research exeperience , the effects of oxygen content , cold deformaion rate and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of TA 1 titanium sheets were investigaed .The results indicate that the oxygen content , cold deformation rate and heat treatment process have a significant effect on microstructure and properties of the TA 1 titanium sheets .The sheets with oxygen content of 0.07%-0.10%can meet the aircraft demands when rolled with the deormation rate of 30%-50%and annealed at 550-650℃for 0.5-2 h with furnace cooling .

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选取TA2纯钛为研究对象,在箱式电阻炉中进行不同温度与不同时间的热氧化处理,研究了不同工艺热氧化处理试样在36%~38%HCl(室温)和30%H2O2(36.5℃)中的耐腐蚀性。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了热氧化处理试样表面形貌,XRD进行了物相分析,用电子天平称重。研究结果表明,TA2纯钛在600℃以上热氧化处理在其表面形成了比原始态更厚的金红石型TiO2氧化膜,且TiO2氧化膜随热氧化温度升高而加厚;热氧化后TA2试样在36%~38%HCl和30%H2O2中耐腐蚀性明显改善,改善TA2耐蚀性的最佳热氧化工艺条件为:热氧化温度700℃;热氧化时间330~500 min。
Commercially pure titanium ( CP-Ti) TA2 samples were subjected to thermal oxidation ( TO) treatment at different temperature .The morphological feature , structural characteristics and weight of thermally oxidized samples were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electronic balance.The corrosion resistance of thermally oxidized samples in 36%~38% HCl ( room temperature ) and 30% H2 O2 ( 36.5 ℃) were investigated .The results show that , when the TO temperature is above 600 ℃, the oxidized layer is composed of TiO2 , and the thickness of TiO 2 oxidized layer increases with the temperature increased .And the corrosion resistance in HCl and H 2 O2 increases significantly after TO treatment , and the optimum TO condition is treating temperature of 700 ℃and duration of 330~500 min.

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利用微弧氧化法在纯钛 TA4表面制备以TiO2为主体富含钙磷的多孔陶瓷膜层.采用扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、接触角测量仪及电化学工作站观测与分析陶瓷膜层的微观形貌、元素成分及相组成,探讨微弧氧化对其润湿性及耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,TA4微弧氧化陶瓷膜层表面粗糙多孔,为锐钛矿相与金红石相 TiO2的混晶结构,金红石相的质量分数约为74．39％.TA4经微弧氧化改性后,表面粗糙度增加了1个数量级,接触角明显下降,表面能提高了87．05％,极性力分量增加了166．07％,体现出更好的润湿性能；自腐蚀电位正移0．53 V,腐蚀电流密度与腐蚀速率均减少了3个数量级,表现出更优的耐腐蚀性能.
The porous oxide TiO2 ceramic coating containing Ca and P is fabricated on the surface of pure titani-um TA4 by micro-arc oxidation (MAO)method.The surface micro-topography,elemental composition,phase components are observed and investigated with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spec-troscopy (EDS),X-ray diffraction (XRD)and raman spectrometer.The influence of modification on the wet-ting property and corrosion resistance of pure titanium TA4 is analyzed using contact angle meter and electro-chemical workstation.Results indicate that the ceramic coating on pure titanium TA4 by micro-arc oxidation is a porous mixed crystal structure which contains anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 ,with the mass fraction of rutile phase being approximately 74.39%,and that after micro-arc oxidation treatment Pure titanium TA4’s surface roughness increases an order of magnitude,its contact angle decreases obviously,surface energy goes up by 87.05% and polar force skyrockets by 166

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为研究TA1板料数控渐进成形时的摩擦与润滑机理,提出了黏着摩擦、边界摩擦和流体润滑摩擦三分区原则。为了提高TA1板料数控渐进成形的表面质量,选用硬度足够的高速钢成形工具头;使用质量比为4∶1的MoS2与凡士林混合物作为润滑剂;在纯钛板表面用微弧氧化工艺覆盖氧化膜。实验结果表明:经过处理后的成形工具头和纯钛板料涂覆润滑剂后,加工出的零件表面光滑,表面粗糙度达到0.92μm。
The friction and lubrication mechanism of TA1 pure titanium steel during incremental forming were analyzed firstly,and the friction region was divided into three parts-adhesion friction, boundary friction and fluid lubrication.In order to improve the surface quality,hardness enough high speed steel forming tool was selected;the mixture of MoS2 and Vaseline in 4:1 was used as a lubri-cant;the pores of the coating developed by micro-arc oxidation will cover on the TA1 pure titanium steel surface.The experimental results show that:after the surface treatment of tool and TA1 pure titanium steel,and lubricant covers on the surface,the components have good surface quality and the roughness of 0.92μm can be got.

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Ta2O5是一种在薄膜材料中具有重要用途的晶体材料。采用第一性原理平面波赝势法,分别计算了本征态Ta2O5晶体以及存在O空位(V o)、Ta空位(V Ta)、O反替位Ta(O ta)和O间隙(O i)本征缺陷时Ta2O5晶体的态密度和能带结构,得到了不同的带隙值并对计算结果进行了分析,该结果表明O反替位Ta(O Ta)缺陷存在时对Ta2O5晶体能带结构的带隙值影响最大,其次是O空位(V o)。
Ta2 O5 is a very important crystal material in thin film material .Based on the plane wave ultrasoft pseudopotential method , we calculate the density state and the band structure energy of the original state of Ta 2 O5 crystals as well as the existence of O vacancies ( Vo) , Ta vacancy ( VTa) , O counter for Ta ( Ota) and O clearance defects ( Oi) .We got the different band gap val-ues and analyzed the calculated results .the results showed that the O counter for Ta ( Ota) defects had the greatest effect to the band structure of Ta2O5 crystal, followed by O vacancies (Vo).

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比较了未再结晶和再结晶Ti12Mo5Ta合金、未再结晶Ti12Mo合金和工业用纯钛(cp-Ti)在0.9%生理盐水(pH 2.3)中37°C下的电化学行为。从阳极极化曲线中得到了极低的钝化电流密度(10?6 A/cm2)，这表明所有样品在酸性0.9% NaCl溶液中具有高的耐蚀性能。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察样品的表面形貌，发现所有样品表面受到了相同的腐蚀，而且经阳极动电位极化测试后的样品表面没有出现点蚀、裂纹或其它缺陷。使用等效电路模拟电化学阻抗谱(EIS)数据，以表征样品表面且更好地理解Mo和Ta的添加对cp-Ti及再结晶的影响。EIS结果证实，在开路电位下，所有样品在0.9%NaCl溶液(pH 2.3)中产生钝化(极化电阻约为105??cm2)。在37°C时，样品在0.9% NaCl 溶液中(pH 2.3)的耐蚀性顺序为：再结晶 Ti12Mo5Ta>未再结晶 Ti12Mo5Ta>未再结晶Ti12Mo>cp-Ti。
The electrochemical behaviours of unrecrystallized and recrystallized Ti12Mo5Ta alloys were compared with those of the unrecrystallized Ti12Mo alloy and commercial pure titanium (cp-Ti). Experiments were carried out using physiological 0.9%NaCl solution (pH 2.3) at 37 °C. Very low passive current densities (in order of 10?6 A/cm2) were obtained from the anodic polarization curves, indicating high resistances of all samples in acidified 0.9% NaCl solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the surface morphology and all sample surfaces were identically corroded, no pitting, cracks, or other defects appeared on the sample surfaces after anodic potentiodynamic polarization tests. Equivalent circuit was used for modeling the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data, in order to characterize the sample surface and better understand the effect of Mo and Ta addition on the cp-Ti and the effect of recrystallization. The EIS results confirm that all

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