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双语推荐：Ti3AlC2

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采用机械球磨和热处理方法制备Ti3Al粉体,并将Ti3Al和C反应烧结制备Ti3AlC2陶瓷材料。将Ti、Al的摩尔比为3∶1的混合粉末,球磨20 h后经750℃热处理40 min得到质量分数达到98.54%的Ti3Al金属间化合物;然后采用Ti3Al和C的摩尔比为1∶2为原料,进行反应烧结制备Ti3AlC2,在1 300℃保温60 min,可得到试样中Ti3AlC2的质量分数为96.4%。研究得出Ti3AlC2的合成路径即在反应过程中先生成Ti2AlC和TiC两相,然后二者反应合成Ti3AlC2相。
Ti3AlC2 ceramic was synthesized by reaction sintering of C and Ti3Al powders prepared by mechnical ball milling and heat treatment. The purity of Ti3Al reaches 98.54%when the mixture powder with Ti and Al molar ratio of 3∶1 was ball milled for 20 h, and heat treated at 750℃for 40 min. Ti3AlC2 ceramic was synthesized by reaction sintering of Ti3Al and C powders at molar ratio of 1∶2 at 1 300℃for 60 min. During reaction sintering, Ti2AlC and TiC were formed first by the reaction of Ti3Al and C, and then the Ti3AlC2 ceramic was synthesized by the reaction of Ti2AlC and TiC.

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以TiC,Ti,Al,C粉末为反应物原料,采用自蔓延高温反应按照质量分数为15%TiC,50%Ti,28%Al,7%C的配比合成了纯度为96.76%、气孔率为9.45%的高纯Ti3AlC2块体材料。研究添加TiC对合成产物Ti3AlC2材料纯度的影响,并对其摩擦磨损性能进行分析。结果表明:当添加TiC的质量分数小于15%,Ti3AlC2含量随TiC含量的增加而增加;当添加TiC质量分数大于15%,Ti3AlC2含量随TiC含量的增加而降低。当载荷较小,Ti3AlC2材料以磨粒磨损为主;而载荷较大,其以磨粒磨损为主并伴随有轻微黏着磨损。
High purity Ti3AlC2 was synthesized by self?propagating high?temperature synthesis method using TiC,Ti,Al and C powders as raw materials. Ti3AlC2 material with high density was successfully fabricated when the mass fraction of TiC/Ti/Al/C is equal to 15%/50%/28%/7%. The content of Ti3AlC2 in the material reaches as high as 96.76%,and the porosity is only 9.45%. The effects of TiC on the purity of sintered Ti3AlC2 were studied. When the addition content of TiC is less than 15%,Ti3AlC2 percentage content firstly increases with the increase of TiC content,but when the addition content of TiC is greater than 15%,it will decrease with continuously increasing amount of TiC. When the load is low,the main wear mechanism is abrasive wear. Under a higher load,the wear mechanism transforms to abrasive wear and light adhesive wear.

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为获得Ni-P-Ti3AlC2最佳施镀工艺,采用正交试验法对影响镀速的主要因素络合剂、表面活性剂、Ti3AlC2、pH值进行了研究和优化,对最佳工艺下的镀层进行了形貌、物相、显微硬度和耐磨性分析。结果表明:当质量浓度为15 g/L柠檬酸钠、10 g/L Ti3AlC2、1.5 g/L十二烷基硫酸钠、pH值为5.0时,镀速达到33.256μm/h,镀层表面光滑平整,镀速和镀层质量达到最佳;Ti3AlC2颗粒成功复合到Ni-P镀层中,复合镀层显微硬度和耐磨性分别是二元镀层的1.77和2.27倍。
In order to obtain the best technology of Ni-P-Ti3AlC2 electroless composite plating,main factors affecting the deposition rate,such as complexing agent,surfactant,Ni-P-Ti3AlC2 pH value,were studied through the orthogonal experiment. The surface morphology,phase,hardness and wear resistance of the plating obtained at the optimum condition are analyzed. The results show that the optimal operation conditions are as follows:15 g/L C6H5Na3O7.2H2O,10 g/L Ti3AlC2,1.5 g/L NaC12H25SO4, pH=5,with which the deposition rate reaches 33.256 μm/h and the plating surface is flat and smooth,indicating that the deposition rate and plating quality reach the optimum. The Ti3AlC2 particles are successfully deposited on the Ni-P coating. The microhardness and wear resistance are 1.77 and 2.27 times higher than those of the Ni-P plating,respectively.

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以Ti、Al、C粉、立方氮化硼磨料为原料,采用自蔓延高温合成法制备Ti3AlC2陶瓷结合剂立方氮化硼复合材料。研究Al的摩尔量、CBN浓度对复合材料制备的影响。通过XRD、SEM、EDS表征方法,对制备的复合材料进行物相及组织结构分析。研究结果表明:添加CBN浓度25%的3Ti/1.2Al/2C的试样,自蔓延反应生成的Ti3AlC2较多,且晶体发育良好。CBN参与Ti-Al-C体系的反应,在CBN表面与基体之间形成了硼化物、氮化物的过渡层,实现了磨料与结合剂的化学键合,提高了基体对磨料的把持力。
Ti3 AlC2 ceramic bonded CBN composites were prepared by self-propagating high temperature synthesis(SHS)with Ti,Al,C and cubic boron nitride (CBN)as raw materials.Effect of mol amount of Al and CBN concentration on composites preparation were studied.The prepared composites were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.Results showed that in the sample with 3Ti/1.2Al/2C-25% CBN,the amount of Ti3 AlC2 was more,and the ternary phase developed better.CBN also participated SHS reaction in Ti-Al-C system.The transition layers of boride,nitride were formed between CBN and the substrate.Holding force of bond to CBN could be enhanced through the chemical bonding between abrasive and binder.

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在27SiMn基体上制备一种新型的Ni-P-Ti3AlC2化学复合镀层,利用SEM,XRD对镀层形貌和物相进行表征,利用显微硬度计和磨粒磨损实验机分别对复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性进行研究.结果表明:Ni-P-Ti3AlC2复合镀层的沉积方式为颗粒堆积,相对于Ni-P二元镀层表面比较粗糙;复合镀层为非晶态结构,其硬度和耐磨性比二元镀层显著提高.
A novel Ni?P?Ti3AlC2 electroless composite plating was prepared on 27SiMn alloy. The surface morphology and phase analysis of the plating were characterized with SEM and XRD,meanwhile,the hardness and wear resistance of the plating were analyzed by microhardness tester and abrasive wear machine,respectively. The results show that the depositional style of Ni?P?Ti3AlC2 plating is the particle packing,and the surface of composite plating becames more coarser compared to that of electroless Ni?P plating;the XRD results reveal that the composite deposits have a typical amorphous structure. The microhardness and wear resistance of the composite plating are superior to that of Ni?P plating.

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研究M C与Mn+1ACn(M =Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn； A=Al, Si, P, S； n=1,2,3)结构的稳定性与电子特征有利于探究三元层状结构Mn+1ACn稳定性的内在原因和设计新型Mn+1ACn结构.第一性原理计算研究表明, M-3d与C-2p轨道间的电子转移对M C与Mn+1ACn 的形成焓有较大影响.供电子能力较强的前过渡金属可以形成稳定的MC结构.计算结果显示, MC结构是缺电子体系,其趋向于与具有一定供电子能力的M A结构结合形成Mn+1ACn.与M2PC和M2SC相比, M2AlC和M2SiC可以更为容易地被分离成二维M2 C结构.
Investigation of the stability and electronic properties of a series of M C compounds and classic M AX phases, Mn+1ACn(M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, and Mn; A = Al, Si, P, and S; n = 1, 2, and 3), contributes to finding the intrinsic mechanism of the stability of Mn+1ACn and to the design of new Mn+1ACn phases. First-principles calculations show that the formation enthalpy of both MC and Mn+1ACn is directly correlated with the charge transfer from M-3d to C-2s and 2p orbitals. Correspondingly, the early transition metals with high electron donation ability are able to form stable M C phases. Among the various M C phases, M C is found to be electron-deficient, which is thus favorable to react with electron-abundant MA to form Mn+1ACn. Therefore, M2AlC and M2SiC can be more readily separated into two-dimensional M2C structures, compared to M2PC and M2SC.

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采用Ti、Al和C元素粉末为反应原料,通过机械合金化（MA）和热处理法制备出高纯度三元碳化物Ti3Al C2陶瓷粉体。将Ti3Al C2作为增强相添加到金属Al中,采用放电等离子烧结技术（SPS）制备出Ti3Al C2/Al复合材料,研究烧结温度对复合材料的相对密度、硬度和摩擦因数的影响。结果表明：随烧结温度的增加,复合材料的相对密度和硬度也随之增加,当烧结温度为550℃,复合材料的相对密度和硬度分别为97%和180HV;复合材料的摩擦因数随烧结温度升高而逐渐变小,当烧结温度为500℃,摩擦因数达到最低值,约为0.186 9,烧结温度继续升高,摩擦因数反而变大。
The ternary carbide Ti3AlC2 ceramic powders with high purity were fabricated by mechanical alloying and heat treatment technology using Ti,Al and C as starting powders. Ti3AlC2/Al composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering, and the effect of sintering temperature on relative density,hardness and friction coefficient of the composites was investigated. The result demonstrates that with the increase of sintering temperature,relative density and hardness of the composite increase, when the sintering temperature is 550 ℃,relative density and hardness of the composite is 97% and 180HV;the friction coefficient of the composite gradually decreases with the sintering temperature increasing,when the sintering temperature is 500 ℃,the friction coefficient reaches the minimum value of about 0.186 9,but when the sintering temperature continues to rise,the friction coefficient becomes larger.

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