功能性运动筛查( FMS)是由功能动作训练衍生出来的一种新的运动能力测量和评价工具,FMS主要是通过功能活动的表现收集人类运动模式的数据,预防损伤的发生风险。 FMS利用7种不同身体姿势活动的表现评价全身的功能性运动能力,发现肌肉活动的受限和不对称。FMS的测试评分方法除了传统的0-3分的评分标准,还有学者提出加权100分和仪器评分的方法。目前的研究总体认为FMS评分方法均具有较高的效度和信度,但FMS可能受年龄、BMI、活动规律和损伤经历等因素的影响,在不同的人群中标准平均值存在较大的差异。

Functional Movement Screen ( FMS) is a new athletic ability measurement and evaluation tool deriving from functional movement training. FMS collects data of human movement patterns mainly through functional activity performance to prevent injury. By using seven kinds of integrated body movements of different body pos-tures, FMS can detect the restraints and asymmetry of muscular work. FMS test applies 0 -3 points scoring method. But other scoring methods such as weighted 100 points and movement sensor equipment have been pro-posed in some studies. The current study suggests that different scoring methods of FMS all have high reliabili-ty, but as FMS may be affected by age, BMI, activity patterns, injury experience and other factors, there is a big difference of standard average value in different populations.

通过对体育运动训练专业篮球专修学生进行功能性动作筛查（FMS）和伤病问卷调查，来了解学生目前的身体状态和伤病情况。根据 FMS 筛查结果，设计身体功能训练方法。通过为期16周的身体功能性训练，来对比实验前后学生的 FMS 筛查结果和伤病发生率。结果表明，经过16周的身体功能性训练，篮球专修学生的 FMS 分值和伤病发生率分别由平均14．51提高到16．72和由57％降低到28％，P ＜0．01。说明身体功能训练能够有效降低篮球专修学生的伤病发生率。

By conducting functional movement screening (FMS)and a questionnaire survey on injury among the basketball majors,the current physical status and injuries of students can be known and understood.The methods of functional training are designed according to the FMS results.Through a period of 16 weeks of functional training, comparisons are made in students’FMS results and the rates of injury incidence before and after the experiment.It is shown that after 16 weeks of physical functional training,the FMS scores of these basketball majors have increased from 14.51 to 16.72,while the rate of injury incidence has decreased from 57% to 28% (P <0.01),which indicates that functional training can effectively reduce the rate of injuries of the basketball majors.

激光光谱技术由于其高灵敏、高分辨、可在线检测等优点被广泛的应用与痕量气体探测领域,而频率调制光谱(FMS)技术由于其除了探测灵敏度高的优点外且可同时探测气体样品的吸收和色散,通常还被应用于原子分子物理、量子光学等领域。发展全光纤FMS可以在保持气体探测灵敏度的同时有效简化实验装置,然而FMS是一项偏振态敏感技术,光纤温度变化等引起不适当的偏振态变化会诱发残余幅度调制(RAM),该RAM不仅使FMS线型扭曲,同时对其色散信号产生直流偏置,因此研究光纤温度对RAM特性的影响具有非常重要的意义。研究首先通过理论和实验验证了相位可控波片模型解释保偏光纤特性的可行性,然后实验测量了进入电光调制器(EOM)前保偏光纤温度对RAM的影响,发现由RAM引起的色散光谱直流偏置随温度呈正弦变化,且在24和26.8℃时直流偏置为零,即无RAM的状态,然而基于温度的直接RAM消除无法替代Wong-Hall提出的伺服反馈控制来实现其长期抑制,这种温度诱发RAM的变化也是所有FMS色散信号背景漂移的主要原因。

In the present paper a phase controllable waveplate model was applied to the analysis of polarization maintaining fiber . Under the temperatures of 24 ℃ and 26.8 ℃ there is no residual amplitude modulation (RAM ) existing in frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS) when performing the measurement of fiber temperature dependence on the RAM .However ,the tempera-ture setting can not reduce the background long term drift and a servo feedback suggested by N .C .Wong and J .L .Hall can be used to actively reduce the RAM .The error signal for feedback is from the dispersion background signal of FMS without gas sample .The variation of RAM induced by the temperature changing of PM fiber is the main reason for the long term background drift of dispersion signal of FMS .

研究了适用于工程化的开放式数控平台,对其硬件平台和软件平台进行了详细而针对实用的设计开发,为建立网络化数控技术,适应FMC/FMS制造提供一种解决方案。

Research of opening CNC System based on PC is presented to provide a solution about system hardware and software for engineering utility,and network extension for FMC/FMS manufacture is also involved.

采用功能性动作测试系统(Functional Movement Screen,FMS)评价青少年在完成不同功能动作模式时身体各部分的稳定性、对称性和灵活性,研究其基本运动能力及影响因素。方法:以上海市某中学中随机挑选的100名初中生为研究对象,对他们进行7个特定动作的测试并评分,并对测试结果进行统计分析。结果:FMS测试总分满分为21,受试对象FMS总分均分为14.89,总体水平偏低;女生肩关节灵活性和直腿抬高测试得分显著高于男生,但总分上男女生无显著差异;青少年在完成动作时普遍存在身体晃动、力量不足和两侧肌力不对称现象,髋、膝、踝关节灵活性受限且稳定性较差,脊柱的屈伸能力不足,两侧盂肱关节和髋关节的活动能力不对称。在旋转稳定性、跨栏架和直线弓箭步3个测试中这些不足尤为明显。结论:青少年基本运动能力水平较低,大多数人需要进行矫正训练;男女生总体上的表现差异不显著,但女生在肩部灵活性和直腿抬高测试的表现要优于男生,故男生需加强肩部和髋部关节的灵活性锻炼。

Objective: The Functional Movement Screen System (FMS) was adopted to evaluate the stability, symmetry and flexibility of the different body parts of the juveniles in completing different functional move-ment modes and study their basic exercise ability and affecting factors. Method: 100 middle school students were selected randomly as the subjects. They were tested and evaluated for 7 specific movements. The test re-sults were analyzed. Result: The total points of FMS test is 21 and the average FMS points of the subjects is 14.89. The overall level is low. The points of the girls'' shoulder joint flexibility and straight leg raise are higher than those of the boys. But there is no significant difference between the test points of the boys and girls. There exist the problems of body shaking, insufficient strength and asymmetry of the muscle strength of both sides in completing the movements. The flexibility of hip, knee and ankle joints is limited and the joints show poor sta