分别采用氢氧化钠(NaOH)、三乙胺(Triethylamine,TEA)和咪唑(Imidazole,iMz)中和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid,AMPS)水溶液,再以N,N''-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(N,N''-methylenebisacrylamide,MBAm)为交联剂,以过硫酸铵(Ammonium persulphate,APS)为引发剂,以丙烯酰胺(Acrylamide,AM)为共聚单体,采用水溶液聚合法合成了poly(AMPS-Na-co-AM)、poly(AMPS-TEAco-AM)以及poly(AMPS-iMz-co-AM)凝胶,并对这3种凝胶的溶胀性能进行了研究.结果表明,poly(AMPSNa-co-AM)凝胶吸水352 g/g,不吸收有机溶剂;poly(AMPS-TEA-co-AM)凝胶吸水218 g/g,对丁胺、乙醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和二甲亚砜等多种有机溶剂具有吸收作用;poly(AMPS-iMz-co-AM)凝胶吸水186 g/g,吸收二甲亚砜267 g/g,但不吸收其它有机溶剂.

2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid ( AMPS ) was neutralized with triethylamine (TEA), imidazole (iMz) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in aqueous solution, respectively.Co-poly-meric gels of acrylamide ( AM) and the neutralized AMPS were prepared by aqueous solution polymeriza-tion using N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAm) as a crosslinker, and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator .Swelling behavior of the gels in water and a series of organic liquids were gravimetrically investigated .The results showed the absorbency of poly ( AMPS-Na-co-AM) gels for water was 352 g/g, and it did not swell in organic liquids; the absorbency of poly ( AMPS-TEA-co-AM) gels for water was 218 g/g, and it also showed absorbency for a series of organic liquids;the absorbency of poly ( AMPS-iMz-co-AM) gels for water and DMSO was 186 g/g and 267 g/g respectively, it did not swell in other or-ganic liquids .

以污泥龄(SRT)为10 d和30 d的2组A/O-SBR反应器活性污泥为研究对象,探讨了SRT对污泥絮体中磷酸盐形态及其动态变化的影响。结果表明,污泥絮体中的磷主要分布于胞外聚合物(EPS),EPS磷占污泥絮体磷总质量的69.45%~73.36%。正磷酸盐(PO3-4-P)、低分子量聚磷酸盐(LMW Poly-P)和高分子量聚磷酸盐(HMW Poly-P)是污泥絮体磷的主要形态。高SRT(30 d)污泥絮体EPS磷含量明显大于中SRT(10 d),表现为前者较后者有更高的PO3-4-P和HMW Poly-P含量,对应着高SRT(30 d)污泥絮体较中SRT(10 d)有更高的磷含量,前者约为后者的1.37倍。厌氧/好氧反应过程中,中SRT(10 d)污泥絮体EPS磷的厌氧降低量和好氧升高量分别为高SRT(30 d)的1.35倍和1.46倍,主要归因于前者的PO3-4-P和HMW Poly-P较后者有更大的厌氧降低量,而PO3-4-P,LMW Poly-P和HMW Poly-P较后者有更大的好氧升高量,对应着中SRT(10 d)污泥絮体较高SRT(30 d)有更强的厌氧释磷和好氧吸磷能力。

By adopting the activated sludge from two A/O-SBR reactors,of which the SRT are respectively 10 d and 30 d, effect of SRT on species and dynamic change of phosphates in sludge floc is investigated. The results show that phosphorus of sludge floc are mainly located in extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and the phosphorus contents of EPS are 69.45% to 73.36%of the total phosphorus contents of the sludge. Orthophosphate(PO3-4 -P)and polyphosphate(Poly-P)including low molec-ular weight polyphosphate(LMW Poly-P)and high molecular weight polyphosphate(HMW Poly-P)are the main species of sludge floc phosphorus. The phosphorus contents in high SRT(30 d)sludge EPS are much more than that in middle SRT(10 d)sludge EPS,which manifests that the former has more PO3-4 -P and HMW Poly-P contents than the latter,so the high SRT(30 d)sludge floc is related to the high phosphorus contents,and the phosphorus contents in the former are 1.37 times than those in the latter. Moreover,the decreased amount

聚肌胞(Poly I：C)是一种天然双链RNA(Double strand RNA, dsRNA)的拟似物，能够模拟病毒感染后所形成的 dsRNA 及刺激机体产生抗病毒免疫反应。文章以抗病力存在差异的大蒲莲和长白仔猪为研究对象，分离外周血单核细胞(Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, PBMC)，在20μg/mL的Poly I：C的免疫刺激下体外培养24 h，对影响免疫应答过程中的7个细胞因子(IRF3、IL6、IL8、IL10、TNFα、IFNγ和IFNα)和3个模式识别受体(TLR3、TLR4和RIG1)利用实时荧光定量PCR检测Poly I：C免疫刺激组相对于对照组的基因表达变化倍数。结果表明：检测的大部分细胞因子和受体(6个)表达量变化倍数很大，其中3种白细胞介素IL6、IL8和IL10免疫刺激变化倍数最大，平均变化倍数分别为20.71、10.87和5.18倍。对不同个体和品种间的比较发现，不仅大蒲莲和长白两品种间(大蒲莲猪的变化倍数平均高于长白猪)而且同品种的3头全同胞仔猪间对Poly I：C免疫刺激的应答也存在较大的变化。文章利用Poly I：C体外模拟dsRNA对PBMC的感染，为下一步筛选仔猪对Poly I：C刺激的免疫应答基因及鉴定大蒲莲猪特殊的抗性基因奠定了基础。

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) is an analogue of natural double strand RNA (dsRNA), which can simulate the viral dsRNA and stimulate the immune response. In the present study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from piglets of Dapulian and Landrace with different disease resistance, and stimulated with 20μg/mL Poly I:C for 24 hours in vitro culture. The expression of several cytokines (IL6, IL8, TNFα, IL10, IRF3, IFNαand IFNγ) and three pat-tern recognition receptors (TLR3, TLR4 and RIG1) was determined by qRT-PCR. The results showed that, most of the cyto-kines or receptors had obvious expression change compared with the control (without Poly I:C stimulation), especially the three cytokine genes IL6, IL8 and IL10, whose average expression change times were 20.71, 10.87 and 5.18, respectively. Ex-pression comparison between breeds and among individuals of the same breed indicated that there was obvious difference not only between Dapulain

以含羧基的双亲性可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)试剂为乳液稳定剂前体,探索化学剪切法与双亲性RAFT试剂相结合制备细乳液并进而制备纳米胶囊的可行性。研究发现,通过化学剪切法可制备液滴大小为亚微米的细乳液,乳化效果与双亲性RAFT试剂的结构密切相关。在本研究范围内,以poly(AAm-b-Stn)RAFT和poly(MAAm-co-Stn)RAFT为试剂的乳化效果较好,采用这两种RAFT试剂,经细乳液界面聚合均可得到核壳结构的纳米胶囊粒子,前者聚合过程的稳定性较好。

The amphiphilic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) agent with multi-carboxylic acid groups was used as the surfactant precursor to prepare the miniemulsion of styrene and paraffin by chemical shearing method. It was found that the sub-micrometer particles could be prepared by chemical shearing, and the compositions and structures of the RAFT agents had significant influence on the formation of miniemulsions. The poly(AAm-b-Stn)RAFT and poly(MAAm-co-Stn)RAFT showed better emulsifying ability. The well-defined nanocapsules of paraffin(core-structure nanocapsule particles) could be obtained using the two RAFT agents by interfacial miniemulsion polymerization, and the polymerization was more stable using the first RAFT.

以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇（ PTMG）和甲苯二异氰酸酯（ TDI）制备预聚体，再用含氢氧化单甲基丙烯酸锌盐（ HZMMA）的混合扩链剂扩链制备了不同HZMMA含量的离子聚合物/聚氨酯弹性体（ PUE）合金。采用原子力显微镜（ AFM）、动态粘弹（ DMA）、热重分析（ TG）和X射线衍射（ XRD）研究了HZMMA含量对离子聚合物/PUE合金的形态结构和性能的影响。结果表明，适量的HZM-MA 能够形成纳米级的poly-HZMMA 粒子，改善了合金中PUE的微相分离程度；poly-HZMMA 能够提高材料的储能模量和软段的最大降解温度；HZMMA发生了自聚且硬段相有结晶。

A series of ionic polymer/polyurethane elastomer alloys were prepared by polytetramethyleneether glycol( PTMG) ,toluene diisocyanate( TDI) and the chain extenders which were consisted of dimethylthiotoluenedia-mine( DMTDA ) , dicumyl peroxide ( DCP ) and hydroxyl zinc mono-methacrylate ( HZMMA ) by the prepolymer process. The effects of different contents of HZMMA for ionic polymer/polyurethane elastomer structure and proper-ties were studied by atomic force microscopy( AFM) ,dynamic mechanical analysis( DMA) ,thermo gravimetric anal-ysis( TGA) and X-ray diffraction( XRD) . The results indicated that nano poly-HZMMA particles were got and the degree of micro phase separation of the PUE were improved when the content of HZMMA was suitable. The nano poly-HZMMA particulars enhanced the storage modulus and improved the maximum decomposition temperature of the soft segment. The HZMMA had the self-polymeric reaction forming poly-HZMMA particles and the hard sege-ments had the micro