China’s foreign trade surplus, for a long time, formed a huge foreign exchange reserves, and the trade surplus and foreign exchange reserves protect our country’s international payments and debt payment capacity, improve China’s international influence, improve the domestic employment and promote the development of the domestic economy, which has played a positive role. But it also led to upward pressare on the Renminbi, domestic prices rise, and more international trade disputes, etc. This paper aims to analyze the adverse effects of China’s trade surplus, in keep a moderate increase of import and export of foreign trade at the same time, reduce the adverse effect brought by its huge trade surplus, and promote the healthy development of China’s macro economy and the international balance of payments.