艾德加·爱伦·坡是美国的文学巨匠,在恐怖小说以及诗歌创作方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。在《厄舍古屋的倒塌》中,艾德加·爱伦·坡试验了他自己对人的本质独树一帜的想法,揭露了人心底最为隐秘的冲动——恶的本能。从三个方面来解读这篇小说中的主人公的人格分裂:在自我中的人格分裂,在与他人交往中的人格分裂以及在与社会交往中的人格分裂。

Edgar Allen Poe ,one of the most famous writers in American literature ,was famous for his horror fiction and his outstanding poems .In his short story The Fall of the House of Usher ,he experimented his unique understanding of human being''s nature ,uncovering the deepest instinct of human beings-the vicious instinct .This paper will analyze the protagonist''s split personality from three aspects :the split personality in the protagonist''s own inner heart ,the split personality existing in the communication with others around and the split personality being in the connection with society .

多丽丝·莱辛曾在2007年获得诺贝尔文学奖，其著作《金色笔记》讲述了女主人公安娜所经历的政治、写作、感情等困境，本文将围绕女主人安娜在精神上从四分五裂的人格到最后实现精神上的整合这一过程，深入分析安娜精神分裂的现象，以及造成安娜精神崩溃的原因，到最后安娜完整人格的回归。本论文通过分析女主人公安娜从迷失人格的分裂到回归自我走向正常生活的这一过程，进一步诠释出人们在当时的社会环境下迷失甚至失去自我的实质，从而引导鼓励人们冲破重重障碍实现新的自我。

Doris Lessing won Nobel Prize in Literature in 2007, Her book,"The Golden Notebook"tells the heroine Anna experi-enced political, writing, and other emotional difficulties, this paper will focus on the spiritual mistress Anna from fragmented per-sonality to the final realization of spiritual integration process, in-depth analysis of Anna schizophrenic symptoms, and causes of mental breakdown Anna, Anna finally complete regression of personality. In this paper, by analyzing the heroine Anna lost from split personality to return to a normal life of self in the process, further interpretation of the people lose even lose yourself in the es-sence of the social environment to guide and encourage people to overcome hurdles to achieve new self.

运用符号学美学,将《红楼梦》符码系统中与薛宝钗人格相关的意指长链抽绎出来,人物热切欲求的基本人格及其为达目的施展的心机与手段可清晰显现。薛宝钗人格的显著特征就是表里不一的重度分裂:其表藏愚守拙,安分随时;其里冰雪聪明,伺机一飞冲天。她一贯压抑生命热情,漠视小人物的生死,显得十分冷漠无情。"山中高士晶莹雪"乃对其人格的精准概括。

Using principles of Semiotic Aesthetics,a long chain of signification draws out the coding systems of Dreams of Red Mansions associated with Xue Bao-Chai’s personality whose basic personality of fervent desires as well as the craftiness and tricks led by her purposes can be revealed clearly.Xue Baochai’s distinctive feature is the duplicity of her severe split personality,which superficially,she behaves foolishly and awkwardly and becomes content with her place,while actually,with her smartness,she is always seeking a chance to show her prominence and become famous.Xue Baochai constantly represses her enthusiasm for life,and disregards the death of unimportant person and behaves impersonal and merciless.“A Snow Crystal hermit in the mountains”is her accurate summary.

目的探讨有自杀意念及自杀未遂的缓解期抑郁障碍女性罪犯患者防御方式及人格障碍倾向性特征,为预防罪犯自杀行为提供依据。方法对广西某监狱在押女性罪犯进行横断面普查,确诊为缓解期抑郁障碍患者138例,其中有自杀意念及自杀未遂62例(自杀组)、无自杀意念、无自杀未遂76例(无自杀组),采用防御方式问卷(DSQ)及人格障碍诊断问卷(PDQ-4+)对两者患者进行测评。结果自杀组更多地使用投射、潜意识显现、抱怨、分裂、退缩、躯体化等不成熟的防御方式和假性利他、隔离、消耗倾向等中间型防御方式,而较少使用升华等成熟防御方式。自杀组患者中人格障碍PDQ-4+阳性率为58.06%(36/62),显著高于无自杀组28.95%(22/76)(P0.01)。自杀组在PDQ-4+的边缘型、偏执型、被动攻击型、分裂型、抑郁型、反社会型、强迫型人格障碍得分明显高于无自杀组(P均0.05)。结论女性罪犯抑郁障碍患者心理防御机制方面的缺陷、人格障碍的共病是导致患者自杀的重要危险因素。

Objective To explore the characteristics of defense style and personality disorder in the female criminals with remission depressive disorder of suicidal ideation and attempts ,and to provide the basis for preventing the criminals from suicide .Methods The female criminals in a prison of Guangxi were investigated by the cross-sectional survey.One hundred and thirty-eight patients with remission depressive disorder were enrolled in the study ,including 62 patients with the symptoms of suicidal ideation and attempts ( suicidal group ) and 76 patients without the symptoms of suicidal ideation and attempts(no suicidal group).Defensive style questionnaire(DSQ) and personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+( PDQ-4+) were used to evaluate the patients in two groups .Results The patients in the suicidal group tended to use the immature defense style such as projection ,acting out ,complaint ,schizophrenia,flinch,somatization as well as the intermediate defense style such as pseudo-altruism,isolat

目的：分析医学专科生人格障碍的特点，探讨人格障碍诊断问卷（ PDQ－4）在医学专科生群体中的适用性。方法：以人格障碍诊断问卷（ PDQ－4）为工具，按照整群抽样原则，对某民族医专1年级5个不同专业学生群体进行调查，统计其人格障碍阳性率，并将调查结果与其他群体进行比较。结果：医学专科生人格障碍阳性率为9．20％，10种人格障碍亚型的阳性率分别在2．56％～45．15％之间，其中强迫型人格障碍阳性率最高（45．15％），分裂样（33．73％）和偏执型（32．54％）次之，分裂型（2．56％）最低；医学专科生样本10项人格障碍分量表得分在不同性别间比较除反社会型（t＝4．255，P＝0．000）和回避型（t＝－5．247，P＝0．000）有极显著性差异，偏执型（t＝－2．059，P＜0．05）和边缘型（t＝－1．985，P＜0．05）有显著性差异外，其他亚型间差异不明显（P＞0．05）；城乡比较在边缘型（t＝2．526，P＜0．05）、反社会型（t＝3．348，P＜0．01）和强迫型（t＝－2．277，P＜0．05）间差异显著，其他亚型间差异不明显（P＞0．05），不同专业间比较主要在边缘型（F＝3．43，P＜0．01）、反社会型（F＝3．60，P＜0．01）和回避型（F＝4．95，P＝0．000）间存在显著差异；与

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of medical students''personality disorder ,explore the applicability of the PDQ-4 in medical students .Methods:Use PDQ-4 as a tool,investigating differ-ent professional medical college students with the principle of cluster sampling .Results:Medical students''personality disorder positive rate was 9 .20%.The positive of ten kinds of personality disorder rate were between 2.56% and 45.15%: Compulsive personality disorder ( 45.15%), schizophrenia like (33.73%),paranoid(32.54%),and schizophrenia(2.56%);Antisocial,avoidant,paranoid and border-line personality disorders had significant differences between gender (t=4.255,-5.247,-2.059,-1.985;P <0.05)and majors(F=3.60,4.95,3.43;P<0.01);Except avoidant,all the other personality disor-ders in the present sample were different from normal people ( P<0 .05 );Except histrionic and compul-sive personality disorder , all the personality disorders in the present sample were different from college st