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双语推荐：寓言

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《庄子》寓言和《伊索寓言》是中西方寓言文学的杰出代表。两部寓言均未使用概念、判断和推理等逻辑思维方式来论证说理,而是诉诸形象、故事等来阐释丰富、深刻的哲学思想和经验教训。试图以马丁等人的评价理论为指导,以《庄子》寓言和《伊索寓言》为文本语料,对比探讨两部寓言作品中动植物和非生物形象的评价意义及其实现评价功能语言资源的异同和理据,领悟庄子和伊索对现实社会人与事的态度评价,从而启迪人类思想和人生智慧。
Chuang-tzu Fables and Aesop Fables are outstanding representative works of Chinese and Western fable literature. Two works don''t use ways of logic thinking such as concept, judgment and reasoning to argue and persuade, but resorting to images and stories to illustrate the rich and profound philosophical ideas and moral lessons. The paper, based on Martin''s appraisal theory as guidance and Chuang-tzu Fables and Aesop Fables as text corpus, will probe into the evaluative meaning of the images of animals, plants and non-living things and language resources realizing the evaluative function. By contrasting, people can comprehend Chuang-tzu and Aesop''s attitude towards the real world so as to enlighten human thought and life wisdom.

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庄子的寓言在中国寓言史上具有着极高的文学价值和艺术魅力,他首开浪漫主义创作的先河,对后世影响巨大。本文试图从庄子寓言的想象、意境、构思、情感以及形象塑造和语言的运用等几个方面,对庄子寓言的浪漫主义特色进行系统而全面的分析,深入浅出、理性地探究庄子的寓言。
The fable of Zhuangzi has extremely high literature value and artistic charm in the history of Chinese fable.He sets the romanticism creation, foremost, which has a huge infulence on later generations. This paper preliminary studied Zhuangzi fables from several respects, such as imagination, artistic conception, conception, emotion, image-building and the use of the language, etc., in order to analysis the romanticism feature systematically and comprehansively.This paper also explains the profound in simple terms and explore Zhuangzi fables rationally.

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《晏子春秋》是记述春秋末期齐国著名政治家晏婴言行的著作。作为赋体寓言的杰出代表,其独特的叙述者俳优,营造出了对话体的叙事场景;《焦氏易林》作为演《易》之文,是我国古代诗体寓言发展的最高峰。其四言韵语、声画相交的叙事空间和"似谶似谣"的话语模式,构成其鲜明的叙事特征。赋体寓言和诗体寓言的叙事模式,凸显了寓言作为早期口传叙事文体所兼具的声符语言和图符语言的叙事方式。通过《晏子春秋》和《焦氏易林》中的典型案例,对赋体寓言和诗体寓言的叙事特征进行了分析。
This paper in detail authenticates“verse allegory”and“fu allegory”, delves into the two unique kinds of allegory'' s spatial form in narrative of Jiaoshi Yilin and the dialogue body narrative in Yan Zi Chunqiu. The narrative mode of the two kinds reflects the unique narrative pattern of Chinese allegory. The paper attempts to analysis the distinctive features of “Jiaoshi Yilin”and “Yan Zi Chunqiu”through a group of typical examples.

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阿来说：“20世纪的好小说大抵都与寓言有或多或少的关联。”他的长篇小说《尘埃落定》作为有定评估的“好小说”，其所演绎的是什么样的寓言呢？本文认定：《尘埃落定》主要演绎了权力的寓言、人性的寓言以及文化的寓言三种。小说也正是通过不同阶层人物在权力之下的不同命运及生存状态表现出了对人性、对民族、对历史的哲学思考。
A_Lai,author of Dream Drops said:“there has been a kind of connection between novels in 20th century and allegory .”his long piece of novel ,Dream Drops ,is generally regarded as“good novel”,then ,what is the allegory like in it ?this article holds the view that this novel mainly illustrates the allegory of power ,of humanity,and of culture .It reflects philosophiceal though towards humanity ,nation and history ,which displays by means of people from different social class which different fate and living condtion.

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由于在中国古代一直没有"寓言"这一专门文体的称谓,且别称较多,同时也没有一部寓言专史、一部寓言专论或者寓言专集,大多散见于或寄生于其它文类作品中,因此从寓言故事的界定、中国古代寓言故事历史概述、中国古代寓言故事今考和中国古代寓言故事的收集现状四个方面对中国古代寓言故事进行考辨,希望能对中国古代寓言故事的收集、整理提供一些参考价值。
In ancient China ,there was no such a stylistic name as “fable” but with a lot of alternative names ,and there was neither a history book nor a monograph nor a classified collection on ancient Chinese fables .Most of the ancient Chinese fables are scattered or parasitized in the other categories of literary works .Thus ,the textual research on ancient Chinese fables deals with the four aspects :the definition of fable ,the brief introduction ,the textual research and the col-lection status of ancient Chinese fables ,in hopes of its reference value for the work of collecting and collating ancient Chi-nese fables .

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概念合成理论是认知语言学中的重要理论,对于自然语言在线意义建构过程和意义生成机制具有很强的解释力。从认知角度,运用概念合成理论,对《庄子》中的部分经典寓言的在线意义建构过程进行研究,发现概念合成理论对于《庄子》部分寓言的在线意义建构过程具有很强的解释力和适用性。同时,对《庄子》部分寓言进行认知角度的研究,能够清晰地展示《庄子》部分寓言在线意义建构过程背后的深层认知操作机制,丰富《庄子》的相关研究。
Fables in Zhuangzi vary a lot in the forms and their meaning is quite difficult to understand. Making an analysis on on-line meaning construction of fables in Zhuangzi can help us understand them better. The conceptual blending theory is an important theory in cognitive linguistics,which has a strong explanatory power for on-line meaning construction and generative? mechanism of mean-ing. From the cognitive perspective, this paper makes a study on the process of meaning construction of some classic fables in Zhuangzi on the basis of conceptual blending theory, and finds that the conceptual blending theory has a strong explanatory power and applicabili-ty for the on-line meaning construction of some fables in Zhuangzi. Simultaneously, by making a study on some fables in Zhuangzi from the cognitive perspective, it can demonstrate the deep cognitive operation mechanism behind the on-line meaning construction of them, and thus enrich the relative studies of Zhuangzi,which could h

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寓言是小学语文课文中比较特殊的一类题材,故事短小精悍,但蕴含的哲理却非常深远。虽然小学语文中涉及的寓言不多,但都是非常好的阅读文本。低中高年级的学生语文水平不一样,所以教学时的侧重点和方法也是不一样的。
Fable is the primary language of the text in a class of special theme,story dapper,but the philosophy is very far-reaching implication. Although the primary language fable involved much,but are very good reading text. Low ,medium,high grade students’ chinese level is not the same,so the focus and methods of teaching time is not the same.

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世界三大寓言家之一的克雷洛夫的寓言，因其优美的诗意和深刻的寓意，至今魅力不衰。分析作品可以看出，克雷洛夫的寓言表现为现实主义的手法，完美地融合了独特鲜明的俄罗斯民族民间语言，优美的诗体寓言故事，富于戏剧性的情节，谐谑的讽刺凸显喜剧性的效果，形象的对白和独白，结构上灵活自由又富于条理。其对审美艺术的追求堪称完美。对此进行分析，旨在梳理总结作家寓言诗的美感所在及其影响。
As one of the famous world''s three big fabulist, Krylov’s fable is the most immortal charming classical works which has been included in the teaching materials of the primary school and the extracurricular reading list .Krylov allegorical poem pres-ented a perfect fusion of Russia''s national folk language , the effect of the comic dialogue and monologue .This paper analyzed the aesthetic pursuit of allegorical poem and their effects .

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《挽歌与纪念》是阎志很有影响力的一首长诗。此诗以哀婉的笔调记录了个人成长历程中的渴望与遭遇,描绘出了中国城乡社会令人担忧的整体图景,上升到了时代寓言的高度。寓言化的写法取得了不可忽视的成就,但在叙述方式、象征指向等方面也存在着某些不足。
Elegy and Memorial is an influential poem of Yan Zhi .This poem records the desire and en-counter in his process of personal grow th in mourning style ,and depicts the overall picture of Chinese ur-ban and rural society that is worrying .What''s more ,it rises to the height of the era fable .The allegorical w riting has made noticeable achievements ,but there are also some shortcomings .

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《伊索寓言》透射出明显的君主制制度文化背景,那些动物故事似乎呈现了一个弱肉强食的"丛林世界"。《伊索寓言》为各种价值因素设置了复杂的生活情境,每一种都用几个不同的故事从几个不同的角度予以呈现。伊索愿意承认世界的微妙、社会的复杂以及人的内心需要和利益诉求的多元,同时唯恐某种人为树立起来的简单化、威权化的道德律条妨害人的自由意志、自主选择。《伊索寓言》是对泛道德主义的颠覆,它恰能契合以养成文明、理性、独立、宽容且具有强烈的权利与责任意识的公民人格为目标的现代教育。
Aesop’s Fables reflects an obvious cultural background of monarchy system, in which those animal stories seem to show a“Jungle World”. Aesop’s Fables sets up complex life situations for the value factors, each of which is presented from different angles by different stories. Aesop is willing to accept the trickiness of the world, the complexity of the social, and the multiplicity of people’s interest demand. Aesop’s Fables is subversion for pan-moralism. It can fit exactly the goal of modern education to develop rational, independent, and tolerant citizen personality which has a strong consciousness of rights and responsibilities.

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