目的探讨封存病案的方式及流程,以达到依法、按流程封存病案的目的。方法对我院发生的关于医疗纠纷所封存的病案进行资料采集,讨论我院封存病案的方案是否合理。在查阅相关法律、法规,文献资料,结合实际工作中对病案封存的认识,讨论封存病案的最佳方式及流程。结果医疗纠纷率随着时间的推移呈逐年增长趋势,而其造成的封存病案数量也随之增加。对纠纷病案封存要高度重视,改进方式优化流程,从而更好地为患者服务并保护医疗主体。结论《医疗机构病历管理规定》和《医疗事故处理条例》没有对封存病案有一个明确的规定,所以病案封存工作中依然存在许多问题,需要医疗机构加强封存病案管理的规范化、合理化、合法化。

Objective To investigate the manner and process of archiving medical records,hospital archive process optimization in order to achieve the law,according to the process to complete medical record complete archive.Methods According to our hospital on medical disputes occurred archived medical records for data collection,to discuss my hospital medical record archiving solutions are reasonable. After reviewing the relevant laws,regulations,documentation,combined with practical knowledge of the Task Force medical record storage,medical record good way discussion archives and processes.Results dispute medical record rate as time goes on increasing year by year,and because of disputes caused by the number of medical records storage also increases,so the dispute archived medical record should attach great importance to improve the way to optimize processes and achieve better services for patients and well protected medical subject. Conclusion "medical institution medical records management reg

美国汉福特场区的9座生产堆（B、C、D、DR、F、H、KE、KW和N）属于天然铀石墨水冷堆。1993年,美国能源部决定将8座生产堆（B堆除外）进行中间安全贮存（封存）,封存期为75年;B反应堆作为历史博物馆永久保存,并向公众开放。截至2013年,美国已先后成功完成C、F、DR、D、H、N反应堆的安全封存,KE、KW堆的安全封存将在随后几年完成。文章以C反应堆的安全封存为例,介绍了反应堆安全封存的实施等内容。

The nine production reactors, i.e. B, C, D, DR, F, H, KE, KW and N, at the Hanford site are all water-cooled and graphite-moderated reactors with natural uranium fuel. In 1993, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) decided to put eight production reactors (except for B) into Interim Safe Storage (ISS) for 75 years followed by deferred one-piece removal. Reactor B will remain as a national historical landmark. By the end of 2013, six reactors C, F, D, DR, H and N had been successfully put into the ISS. Reactors KE and KW will be put into the ISS in the coming years. Taking reactor C as an example, this paper mainly talks about how to put the production reactors in the Interim Safe Storage, e.g. how to make site preparation, how to construct the safe storage enclosure (SSE) and how to perform surveillance and maintenance during the ISS period, etc.

费尔干纳盆地明格布拉克油田属于超深层油气藏,油气层普遍存在超压异常,压力系数可达2.0以上,地层发育盐岩、膏盐层,低孔隙储层中裂缝发育,油田的这些特征与流体封存箱的形成和存在有很大关系。通过研究认为,不均衡压实及构造挤压环境是新近系地层形成超压的宏观成因机制,而发育岩盐层且累积厚度达到了200 m以上是现今油田保存超压的重要条件;古近系及新近系下部地层中存在两个超压流体封存箱,上部封存箱的地层压力系数略大于下部封存箱,上、下超压封存箱内流体性质存在较大的差异,是两个相对独立的成藏系统。上部封存箱又被2个岩盐封隔层分隔为3个次一级的、呈阶梯式的超压箱。封存箱内的超压、微裂缝以及岩盐层是钻探过程中发生井涌、井漏及卡钻等钻井事故的主要原因;除已发现的下部封存箱和上Ⅲ次级封存箱油气藏外,上Ⅱ次级封存箱的底部具有一定的勘探潜力;超深层的高密度原油与超压流体封存箱的存在有关,封存箱内的超高压使油气藏储层裂缝处于开启状态,有利于形成高产油气流,但同时也易于早期见水。

Mingbulak oil field in Fergana Basin is an over deep oil and gas reservoir,which is characteristic with the prevalence of abnormal overpressure,pressure coefficient up to 2.0,and with the development of rock salt,gypsum salt bed,low porosity reservoir with abundant fracture.These characteristics have close relation-ship with the formation and existence of overpressure fluid compartments.By researching these properties,it is found that sediment undercompaction due to rapid subsidence and tectonic compression are main formation mechanisms of overpressure in Upper Tertiary formation,and the development of rock salt layers and its accu-mulated thickness over 200 m are important conditions for oil formations.Two overpressure fluid compartments can be identified in Tertiary formations;the pressure coefficient of the upper compartment is bigger than the low-er one.The fluid properties of both compartments are clearly different,and they are two relatively independent accumulation systems;The u

根据莺歌海盆地钻井资料、压力测试资料等，开展盆地超压特征的分析，结合构造演化及沉积过程，对盆地压力封存箱进行划分，并分析其形成及演化过程，探讨压力封存箱的形成、演化与成藏的关系。研究表明盆地存在3个主要的压力封存箱，压力封存箱经历的3期主要的演化阶段与盆地经历的3期主要构造活动相对应，压力封存箱的形成和演化是“动态”的。在3个构造期因泥底辟活动造成的箱体破裂，箱内流体向外运聚，该时期是油气的重要运聚时期，也是油气的主要成藏期。从压力封存箱的演化历史看，盆地中油气属于箱外的降温、降压过程中的成藏，这些泥底辟区及周围的斜坡地区应为油气勘探的重要目标区。非泥底辟带，构造相对稳定，超压封存箱演化也平稳，油气运聚规模不大。

Based on the drilling data and the pressure test data from Yinggehai Basin,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the overpressure, and combined with the tectonic evolution and sedimentary processes,it also classifies the pressure compartments and approaches the relationship between the formation and evolution of the pressure compartment and accumulation.The studies show that there are three pressure compartments in the basin,whose formation and evolution are“dynamic”.The three main stages of the evolution correspond to the three tectonic epochs experienced by the basin.Due to mud diapiric activities,the pressure compartment is ruptured at bottom and the fluid migrates and accumulates outside,and this period is also the most important migration and accumulation stage.The accumulation of oil and gas in the basin is in the cooling and hypotensive process outside the compartment as viewed from the evolution history of the pressure compartment, so the mud diapiric area and

CO2在地下深部封存可有效减少燃烧化石燃料产生的温室气体向大气层的排放。然而,现在碳捕集成本高、能耗大,在CO2捕集与封存（CCS）链条中碳捕集成本占60%,成为实施CCS的瓶颈。煤化工厂排放高浓度CO2可能为中国实现全链条的CCS提供早期的机会。目前经过国家发改委批准的煤化工企业排放的高浓度CO2总量已达亿吨规模,如果这些企业能够实现CO2封存,对于中国减少温室气体排放将具有重要意义。中国的沉积盆地拥有适合CO2地质封存的储盖层组合,其中有些油田适合利用CO2驱油来提高石油采收率（EOR）,高浓度CO2排放源靠近封存场地将有效减少运输成本和工程操作的复杂性。高浓度CO2气源与EOR或深部咸水层封存的耦合将给中国提供在全球率先实现碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）的机会。

Deep geological storage of CO2 can provide an essential solution to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the continuous use of fossil fuels.However,the cost and energy consumption of CO2 capture is high at present.About 60% of carbon capture and storage(CCS) cost is for the carbon capture which causes a bottleneck in advancement of CCS in China.High levels of CO2 from coal chemical plants pro-vides sufficient CO2 for full-chain CCS implementation.The total amount of high concentration CO2 that will be emitted( or is being emit-ted) by the coal chemical factories approved by the National Development and Reform Commission is up to hundred million tones per year.If all projects could store CO2 underground,it would be of great significance for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.Basins located in North China are characterized by several sets of reservoir-caprock strata which is suitable for CO2 storage.Some oil fields are potentially suitable for CO2 enhanced oil recovery(EOR).