红河州优越的自然条件有利于柚木生长。适宜柚木发展的土地面积约4万hm2,目前仅种植4 200 hm2,发展潜力巨大。文中介绍国内外柚木引种情况以及红河州柚木引种栽培及相关研究概况,从生长水平、形态变异等方面评价红河州柚木引种栽培效果。进一步分析柚木原产地条件,依据柚木的生态特性及红河州的自然特点,将柚木引种栽培区划分为柚木最适引种区以及由抗旱、耐酸和抗寒3个育种栽培区组成的引种试验区。对红河州柚木发展前景进行展望,提出有针对性地引进、选择、改良适合红河州生长的柚木优良种源,以推动柚木的科学和规模化发展。

Favorable natural conditions of Honghe Prefecture are conducive to the growth of Tectona gran-dis.There are 40, 000 hm2 suitable lands for planting Tectona grandis, but currently only 4 200 hm2 land are planted , which showed great development potential.The introduction and cultivation of Tectona grandis at home and abroad as well as in the Honghe Prefecture are summarized and the effect of the in -troduction and cultivation of Tectona grandis are also evaluated in Honghe Prefecture from aspects of the growth levels and morphological variation.According to the further analysis of characteristics of Tectona grandis and natural features of Honghe , the introduction zone is distributed into optimal area and test area of drought-resistant , acid and cold resisting cultivation area.Prospects of Tectona grandis development in Honghe Prefecture have been forecast.Suggestions to select improved variety of superior provenances which suitable for Tropical and South sub-tropical land for promotin

对从老挝、中国海南、缅甸选出的柚木优树进行组培，并培育出23个无性系苗木，以中国海南柚木种子园1个家系的实生苗作为对照，开展柚木的山地造林试验，在造林30个月后对幼林的树高、胸径生长量、保存率、枯梢率进行了测定与分析。研究结果表明：不同的柚木无性系在高、径生长上均存在着极显著差异，表明开展柚木优良无性系选择十分必要；综合柚木的生长量及适应性看，表现较好的无性系为2号、24号、22号；入选的无性系高、径生长量及适应性均优于种子园的实生苗，可作为当地造林的繁殖材料。

With the tissue culture from Laos, Hainan Province of China, Burma elected superior tree of Tectona grandis, we conducted the mountain afforestation experiment by using cultivation 23 clonal seedlings and seedling of one family in Tec-tona grandis orchard of Hainan (as control), and analyzed their tree height, DBH increment, preservation rate and dry treetop rate after 30-month plantation.Different clones in height and diameter growth are significant differences, indicating that the selection is necessary about excellent clones of Tectona grandis.By the integrated views in growth and adaptability of clones, No.2, 24 and 22 are with good performance.Selected clones in high, diameter growth and adaptability are bet-ter than seedling in orchard, and can be used as local propagation material in afforestation.

目的筛选出培育柚木Tectona grandis小棒槌苗的最佳育苗基质和育苗密度．方法采用正交试验设计研究了不同基质和育苗密度对柚木小棒槌苗生长的影响．结果和结论在不施肥情况下，6个月生和12个月生不同处理间柚木小棒槌苗的地径、根粗、地下鲜质量等指标达到显著或极显著差异，各处理小棒槌苗棒槌度均达到规格要求（棒槌度＞1．57）；12个月生小棒槌苗的品质进一步提高，V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）＝2∶1，密度150株· m－2、V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）＝2∶2，密度200株· m－2和V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）＝3∶2，密度150株· m－23个处理达到了出圃造林的要求（棒槌度＞1．57，0．8 cm＜地径＜1．6 cm）；不同育苗基质配比间和不同育苗密度水平间，地径、根粗和地下鲜质量等指标存在显著或极显著差异，对培育柚木小棒槌苗品质的影响是密度＞基质．生产12个月生柚木小棒槌苗的基质以V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）＝2∶1或2∶2，密度以150～200株· m－2为佳．

Objective]The purpose of this study was to analyze the density and medium effect on teak , Tectona grandis, stump quality and to find out the best density and medium for teak stump production .[Method]Six types of density and four media were used by orthogonal trial in teak stump cultivation .[Result and conclusion]The result showed that ground diameter ,root diameter, underground fresh mass and other indexes of seedlings without fertilization had significant or highly significant differences among treatments when 6 and 12 months old , and all treatments could produce stumps which meet the degree of taproot enlargement (DTE) criterion(DTE>1.57).The stump quality became higher when 12 months old and V(loess)∶V(sand) =2∶1,150 plants· m-2,V(loess)∶V(sand) =2∶2,200 plants· m-2 and V(loess)∶V(sand)=3∶2,150 plants · m-2 meet the afforestation standard ( DTE >1.57, 0.8 cm medium.Loess mixed with sand at ratio 2∶1-2∶2 as medium and density 150-200 plants· m-2 are suitable

通过对小叶桢楠（Phoebe microphylla）、柚木（Tectona grandis）、降香黄檀（Dalbergia odorifera）、沉香（Aquilaria agallocha）和檀香（Santalum album）5种珍稀保护树种进行造林试验,调查栽植1年后各树种的生长情况和成活率。结果表明：小叶桢楠、柚木的树高生长量和成活率较高,且对立地条件要求不高,可在永定县进行推广栽植;沉香和降香黄檀的树高生长量和成活率较低,对立地条件要求较高,畏寒怕冻,应控制其栽植规模;檀香在造林试验中未见成活,不适于在永定县推广栽植。

Experiments of five species of rare and protected trees (Phoebe microphylla ,Tectona grandis ,Dalbergia odorifera ,Aquilaria agallocha & Santalum album) were conducted to investigate the growth & survival rate of each species after one year .Result shows that :Phoebe microphylla & Tectona grandis ,which have less demanding on site conditions ,have higher height grow th & survival rate ,and should be popularized in Yonding County .A qui-laria agallocha & Dalbergiaodorifera ,which have more demanding on site conditions ,have lower height growth &survival rate ,afraid of cold chills ,should be controlled the size of their planting ;Santalum album are not survived in the afforestation experiments and are not suitable to promote in Yongding County .

为系统总结珍贵阔叶树种多树种混交造林技术,本试验对2种立地条件下的多树种混交林的生长情况进行了对比研究,结果表明：（1）珍贵树种多树种混交模式在立地条件较好的苗圃地生长相对较好,其中柚木（Tectona grandis）的树高、胸径生长量均达到显著水平,降香黄檀（Dalbergia odorifera）、观光木（Tsoongio-dendron odorum）以及红锥（Castanopsis hystrix）则无显著差异,且林分总体材积蓄积量无显著差异,表明珍贵树种多树种混交模式在试验中两种立地条件下均能够表现出较好的适应性。（2）采用综合权重分析法评价树种的速生效果结果表明,以观光木速生效果较佳,按速生效果从高到低排序为：观光木〉柚木〉灰木莲（Man-glietia glanca）〉红锥〉降香黄檀〉格木（Erythrophleum fordii）。

In order to systematically summarize the afforestation technology of mixed forest of multiple rare species,we carried out comparison test of two kinds of site conditions of multi species mixed forest on growth,The results show that:(1)The trees in the nursery site condition relatively growth better,and site conditions had significantly influence to the growth of Tectona grandis,meanwhile,there are no significant difference of Dalbergia odorifera,Tsoongiodendron odorum and Castanopsis hystrix,the total stand volume had no significant difference too. Therefore,mixed forest of multiple rare species can show the good adapt?ability in two site conditions.(2)By the comprehensive weight analysis to evaluate the species of fast-grow?ing effect results shows that:fast-growing effect of Tsoongiodendron odorum is better,according to the fast-growing effect from high to low order is Tsoongiodendron odorum>Tectona grandis>Manglietia glanca>Cas?tanopsishystrix>Dalbergiaodorifera>Erythrophl