穿梭油轮靠近浮筒时,如果出现人为失误或者机械失效,穿梭油轮可能会与浮筒发生碰撞。由于穿梭油轮质量很大,其与浮筒碰撞危害不容忽视。本文采用非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,对穿梭油轮与浮筒的碰撞进行研究,计算出70 000 t穿梭油轮分别以侧向和正向方式碰撞浮筒的情形下,能量转换,结构损伤程度和撞击力的数据,分析了碰撞的危害性。本文的研究成果对穿梭油轮与浮筒碰撞的风险评估具有实用价值。

If human error or mechanical failures occur when shuttle tanker approach the buoy,there′s a chance they′ll collide. Since the mass of shuttle tanker is huge, the damage of collision cannot be neglected. In this paper,the head-on and side-impact collision between a 70 000 DWT shuttle tanker and a buoy were simulated by the nonlinear finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Energy transformation,structure damage and collision force were obtained to analyze the damage. The result is of value to risk assessment of collision between shuttle tanker and buoy.

油轮舷侧的损伤情况与撞击船舶舷侧的球鼻艏形状关系密切，在油轮船体剩余极限强度预报中，不宜简单地将撞击区域完全视为破损失效。针对带球鼻艏船舶撞击油轮舷侧的3种典型碰撞场景，运用塑性力学原理，通过解析方法获得舷侧的具体损伤情况；然后通过解析方法计算得到破损后船体梁的极限强度。极限强度解析计算方法的准确性通过与3种箱型梁极限强度实验值的比较来进行验证。研究结果表明，所提出的方法对船侧损伤情况考虑周全，可以针对油轮船侧遭受带球鼻艏船舶撞击后的剩余极限强度进行快速、准确的预报。

In a ship collision scenario, the damage on the oil tanker''s side structure is closely related to the shape of the striking ship''s bulbous bow, and the damaged structure should not be simplified as the volume of the damaged structure. In this paper, three typical collision scenarios are considered. A simplified analyt?ical method for predicting the residual ultimate strength of the struck oil tanker is proposed based on the principles of analytical Smith method and the plastic-elastic deformation mechanism of the tanker''s side structures. The proposed method is verified through a comparison between the experimental results of three typical box girders. The results indicate that the proposed method can successfully evaluate the residual ul?timate strength of the struck oil tanker accurately and efficiently.

针对我国超大型油轮轮机模拟器中缺乏典型的货油泵透平系统仿真内容的现状,结合超大型油轮轮机模拟器的研发,建立了典型的货油泵透平系统的数学模型,包括离心货油泵模型、驱动汽轮机及其输出轴模型、汽轮机润滑及安全联锁保护系统模型等。采用机理建模与实船操作仿真相结合的混合仿真技术,开发了货油泵透平系统硬件仿真平台和软件仿真系统,丰富和完善了超大型油轮轮机模拟器的内容和功能,实现了具有良好人机交互界面的货油泵透平系统的仿真目标。该系统既可独立运行,亦可与液货操作仿真系统连接,构成整体系统运行,方便灵活。该系统的成功开发,对推动我国超大型油轮轮机管理人员的教育与培训有着重要意义。

There is lack of reference material in China for the simulation of typical cargo pumps turbine system and simulation of marine engine room for very large crude oil carrier (VLCC). With the development of VLCC marine engine room simulator, mathematical models for typical cargo pumps turbine system are established, including model of centrifugal cargo pump, model of steam turbine and its output shaft, model of steam turbine lubricating system and model of safety interlock protection system. Hybrid simulation technology, that integrates mechanism modeling with actual ship operation, is adopted in developing hardware platforms and software simulation systems for cargo pumps turbine system. Contents and functions of VLCC marine engine room simulator are enriched and improved, and a friendly man-machine interaction interface is realized. The simulation system is convenient and flexible, which can not only run independently and also be connected with cargo operation simulation system. The suc

海洋石油116油轮燃气压缩机橇块自投产运行之后,长期存在振动问题,多次对管线和附件造成损坏。在2009年到2010年两年之间,五次对压缩机橇块的管线及附件造成破坏,引起设备停机和天然气泄漏的事件。油轮对燃气压缩机管线和附件进行了暂时的加固处理,暂时消除了局部振动损坏。但是整个橇块结构仍然振动厉害,问题急需解决。此后,油轮分别对压缩机机组本身和橇块所在平台的结构进行了振动数据采集,通过对振动数据的分析,确认平台结构刚性不足是振动的根本原因,振动方式主要是横向振动。通过主梁改造,对单台压缩机橇块平台结构的六条工字梁加装可有效减少横向振动的筋板,解决了振动问题。

Since the skid of FPSO116 gas compressor was put into operation, its vibration became a problem which caused the damages of the pipelines and accessories repeatedly. For example, it had caused five damages of the pipelines and accessories in 2009 and 2010, which led to equipment stopping and gas leaking. Later on, the pipelines and accessories were reinforced and the local damage due to the skid vibration was eliminated temporarily. But the whole platform structure was vibrating terribly. Thereafter, the vibration data of the compressor and the platform structure with the skid was collected and analyzed respectively. It was found that the insufficient rigidity of the platform structure is the fundamental reason of vibration, and transverse vibration is the main form of the structure’s vibration. Then, six I-shaped beams of the skid platform structure of the single compressor were reformed by adding reinforcement plates. And the transverse vibration was reduced effectively.

文章阐述了某成品油轮的排油监控系统的组成及原理,利用故障因素排查法,查找、修复该系统在运行中的故障,最后提出了管理建议,具有较高的应用价值。

Based on an introduction of the composition and principle of the ODME system of a certain prod-uct tanker, this article applies the fault factor identification method to the identification and handling of the faults of this system in operation as well as puts forward the proposals in management.