华南地区高尔夫球场中牛筋草(Eleusine indica)、马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、水蜈蚣(Kyllinga brevifolia)、碎米莎草(Cyperus iria)、日照飘拂草(Fimbristylis miliacea)等恶性杂草危害严重,是该地区高尔夫球场养护管理中最重要的问题之一。在该区高尔夫球场常用的老鹰草(Tifeagle Bermudagras)草坪和结缕草(Zoysia japonica)草坪上分别进行独立试验,通过杂草受害盖度、中毒症状、鲜重防效、草坪景观质量、安全性等几个方面,探究发现药剂抹绿(MONUMENT)对三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)、马唐、水蜈蚣、日照飘拂草、夏飘拂草(Fimbristylis aestwalis)、碎米莎草、畦畔莎草(C.haspan)、石胡荽(Centipeda minima)、含羞草(Mimosa pudica)有极佳防效。

Exotic weeds including Eleusine indica,Digitaria sanguinalis,Kyllinga brevifolia,Cyperus iria,Fimbristylis miliacea are seriously damaging the golf course in south China,which is one of significant problems in daily management and maintenance of golf course turf.This study was conducted to test the weed control effect of MONUMENT herbicide on turfgrasses (Cynodon dactylon cv.Tifeagle and Zoysia japonica) in golf course.The weeds coverage,symptoms,control efficiency,turf quality,and safety to turfgrasses were measured after applying the herbicide.The results indicated that MONUMENT have excellent control effect on Bidenspilosa,Digitariasanguinalis,Mimosapudica,Kyllingabrevifolia,Fimbristylismiliacea,Fimbristylis miliacea,Cyperus iria,Centipedaminima.

分析研究了某铀尾矿区植物资源，并对这些植物的铀积累作用进行了研究。结果显示，该尾矿区污染土壤上植物群落较简单，共有高等植物31种，隶属12科，其中：禾本科最多，12种；其次是菊科植物，5种；凤尾蕨科和莎草科植物各3种；其他科各1种。1年生或多年生草本植物有28种，占总数的90.3％，其他3种为灌木或小乔木。对这31种植物进行了铀含量测定，结果发现，铀富集量在200 mg／kg以上的植物有14种，占总数的45％，其中富集量在600 mg／kg以上的有3种，分别是水莎草、牧草、小飞蓬。植物体内铀迁移系数大于1的有9种，其中燕麦、牧草、鼠曲草、青蒿中铀的迁移系数较大。这31种植物中，可考虑将水莎草、牧草作为超富集植物应用于铀污染土壤的修复，小飞蓬、盐肤木、枸骨、燕麦、鼠曲草、碎米莎草、龙葵等对铀污染土壤的修复具有潜在应用价值，可进一步研究。

In this study ,the plant resources and their accumulation of uranium element w ere analyzed in certain uranium tailings area ,in China .T he results show that the plant community are relatively simple in the soils polluted by uranium tailings ,in w hich there are only 31 species of higher plants ,belonging to 12 families ,including 12 species of gramineae plants , 5 species of compositae plants , 3 species of pteridaceae plants , 3 species of cyperaceae plants ,and 1 specie in every other family .There are 28 species of annual or perennial herbs ,accounting for 90.3% ,and 3 species of shrubs or small trees in this flora .The uranium contents in these 31 plants were also determined .Ura‐nium contents in 14 species of plants ,accounting for 45% ,are above 200 mg/kg .Of note ,uranium content is more than 600 mg/kg in 3 species of plants ,which are the w ater sedge ,phleum alpinum and conyza canadensis ,respectively .T he T F of uraniumis more than 1 in 9 species of plants ,amon

10%吡嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂防除水稻田一年生阔叶杂草及部分莎草科杂草药效试验结果表明，毒土法可有效防除陌上菜、草龙、鸭舌草等杂草，而对水稻安全，是防除移栽水稻田杂草的较理想药剂。

The experiment results of 10%Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WP against annual broadleaf weeds and a part of Cyperaceae weeds in rice field showed that the method of toxic soil could prevent and kill off weed effectively Lindernia procumbens ,grass dragon and Sheathed Monochoria etc. It is safe to rice.10%Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl was is an ideal medicine agent to controt weeds transplanting rice field.

采用文献对比,结合野外补点调查和观测,研究高原湿地草海水生植物多样性变化.结果表明：近三十年来,到草海越冬的黑颈鹤种群有逐渐增大趋势,1985年223只、2005年506只,到2011年约为1000只.2005年草海共有维管束植物49种,隶属25科37属,较1983年新增5科10属11种,2012年调查发现草海水生植被朝沼泽植被方向演替发展,荆三棱群落与水葱、李氏禾、水莎草和灯芯草群落一起发展为草海湖滨带主要优势挺水植物群落.空心莲子草在水体东部、东南及东北部入侵危害严重.外界干扰是草海生物多样性变化的主要原因,减少人为负面干扰、维护草海及周边环境稳定是保护和增加水生植物多样性的重要举措.

Based on the data of literature and field survey,aquatic plant diversity of Caohai plateau wetland was ana-lyzed.The results showed that the number ofGrusnigricollis wintering in Caohai had increased from 223 in 1985 to 506 in 2005,and 1 000 in 2011.And the number of families and genera of the aquatic plant had significantly increased. There were 49 species subjected to 37 genera of 25 families in 2005,in which 11 species and 10 genera and 5 families were new record contrast with 1983.The Comm.of Scirpus yagara,S.tabernaemontani,Leersiahexandra,Juncel-lus serotinus and Juncus effusus became main dominant communities along the lakeside.Aquatic vegetation had been changing in the direction of marsh vegetation.The speed of Comm.of Alternanthera sessilis spread had been faster than anticipated,particularly seriously in the east,southeast and northeast of Caohai wetland.Interference is the main reason for the change of biodiversity in Caohai.Reducing human disturbance,maintaining

为探讨10%双草醚悬浮剂(农美利)在南方直播水稻田中的安全性及其对杂草的防效,特进行了直播早稻田和中稻田杂草的田间药效试验。结果表明,农美利与对照药剂稻杰一样,对水稻直播田稗草、鸭舌草、陌上菜、节节菜、异型莎草等杂草有较好的防除效果,对直播水稻安全无药害;建议在水稻直播田除杂草时,农美利的有效成分用量为22.5~30.0 g/hm2,在水稻播后3叶期以上、杂草2~4叶期时,对茎叶喷雾防效最佳。

Field trialsofsafety and weed controleffectof10% bispyribac sodium(Nominee)SC were conducted respectively in directsowing early-rice and semilate-rice fields. Its weed-preventing and eliminating effect is good for barnyard grass, M onochoria vaginalis,Lindernia procumbens,Rotalaindica,Cyperusdifformisand otherweeds,with no chemicalinjury to rice plants.Itsuggeststhatthe dosage ofNominee’s main active ingredientshould be 22.5~30.0g/hm2 forthe weed controlin directsowing rice field.At3-leafstage ofrice and/or2~4-leafstage ofweed,the stem-leafspray controleffectis the optimum.