目的研究纳米氧化锌颗粒对蛋白核小球藻的抑制作用及其机理,为船舶压舱水赤潮藻的杀灭提供理论依据。方法采用小球藻培养计数法和生物测定方法,对纳米氧化锌颗粒抑制蛋白核小球藻的作用及其作用机理进行实验室观察。结果用浓度为0.5 mg/L纳米氧化锌颗粒作用48 h,对蛋白核小球藻的抑制率达到60%。悬液内加入0.5~5 mg/L纳米氧化锌颗粒,作用96 h,蛋白小球藻悬液内抗氧化歧化酶含量升高,叶绿素a和b及总含量均随着投加量的增加而增加。结论纳米氧化锌颗粒对水中小球藻具有一定的抑制作用,其对藻细胞的除藻机理是通过改变蛋白核小球藻叶绿素等生化组成,引起藻细胞抗氧化物酶活性的变化抑制藻类增长。

Objective To research the inhibition effect and mechanism of Chlorella pyrenoidosa by nano zinc oxide parti-cles,and to provide a theoretical basis for killing red tide algae in ship ballast water.Methods Chlorella culture,count-ing and bioassay methods were used to observe inhibition effect and mechanism of nano zinc oxide particles on the action pyrenoidosa in the laboratory.Results With a concentration of 0.5 mg/L nano zinc oxide particles for 48 h,the Chlorella pyrenoidosa inhibition rate reached 60%.Add 0.5 ~5 mg/L nano zinc oxide particles in the suspension for 96h,the con-tent of antioxidant superoxide dismutase in chlorella protein suspension increased,and the total content of chlorophyll a and b increased with the increasing dosage.Conclusion Chlorella nano zinc oxide particles have a certain inhibition effect to Chlorella pyrenoidosa in water.The mechanism was changing biochemical composition of pyrenoidosa chlorophyll and cau-sing algal cell antioxidant enzyme activities cha

为探讨水产养殖中氟喹诺酮类药物残留对水生生物的毒性效应,研究了盐酸恩诺沙星对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)的急性毒性。结果显示,各药物质量浓度组对蛋白核小球藻的生长均有抑制作用,并且随药物处理质量浓度的增大,藻细胞的生长逐渐降低,显示出明显的剂量—效应关系。盐酸恩诺沙星对蛋白核小球藻的24,48,72,96h的EC50值分别为184.83,341.07,457.84,171.38μg/mL,叶绿素a和b的含量随着盐酸恩诺沙星处理质量浓度的增大呈现相同的变化趋势。

In order to study the toxic effect of ftuoroquinolones on fresh algae,Chlorella pyre-noidosa was exposed to Enrofloxacin hydrochloride of five concentrations (15.625,31.25,50, 62.5 and 125μg/mL).Results showed that Enrofloxacin hydrochloride had inhibition effect on the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa.With the increase of concentration,the inhibition increased correspondingly.The 24,48,72 and 96 h EC50 values of Enrofloxacin hydrochloride were 184.83, 341.07,457.84 and 171.38μg/mL respectively.Enrofloxacin hydrochloride had the same effect on the contents of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b.

采用发光二极管(light emitting diode, LED)调制光谱,研究了不同光质(红光、蓝光、白光、红蓝混光8：1,红蓝混光8：2,红蓝混光8：3)对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)生长特性及生化组成的影响.结果表明,蓝光下蛋白核小球藻生长效果最佳,其接种后培养30 d,光密度为2.4,比生长速率为0.10 d -1,生物量为0.64 g·L -1,而其它光质下光密度、比生长速率和生物量分别在1.0~1.7、0.07~0.10 d -1和0.27~0.38 g·L -1之间,蓝光条件下其光密度、比生长速率和生物量分别约为红光下的2.05倍、1.33倍和2.06倍；红蓝混光有利于蛋白核小球藻叶绿素 a 和β-胡萝卜素的合成,蓝光可促进叶绿素 b 的合成,红蓝混光8：1其叶绿素 a 和β-胡萝卜素的含量分别为13.5 mg·g -1 和 5.8 mg·g -1,而蓝光下分别为8.4 mg·g -1 和 3.6 mg·g -1；红蓝混光更有利于蛋白核小球藻单位细胞干重蛋白质和总脂的积累,红蓝8：3蛋白质含量为489.3 mg·g -1,红蓝8：1总脂含量为311.2 mg·g -1,而蓝光下蛋白质和总脂含量均较低,分别为400.9 mg·g -1和231.9 mg·g -1 .

Effect of light quality, including red light, blue light, white light, red and blue mixing light with ratios of 8: 1, 8: 2 and 8: 3, on the growth characteristics and biochenmical composition of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was investigated based on light emitting diode (LED). Results showed that Chlorella pyrenoidosa grew best under blue light, and the optical density, specific growth rate and biomass of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was about 2. 4, 0. 10 d - 1 and 0. 64 g·L - 1 , respectively, while the optical density of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was between 1. 0 and 1. 7, the specific growth rate was between 0. 07-0. 10 d - 1 and the biomass was between 0. 27 and 0. 38 g·L - 1 under other light quality after 30 days of cultivation. Under blue light, the optical density, specific growth rate and biomass of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was approximately 2. 05 times, 1. 33 times and 2. 06 times higher than red light, respectively. Moreover, red and blue mixing light was conducive to the synthesis o

以蛋白核小球藻820为实验材料,研究了3种盐度（15、30、45）对其生长、叶绿素荧光参数和两种代谢酶活性的影响,以了解该小球藻对盐度的适应能力.结果表明,蛋白核小球藻820的生长随盐度增加而变慢;而油脂含量随盐度增加而升高.叶绿素荧光参数中的PSII最大光能转化效率（Fv/Fm）、PSII实际光能转化效率（ΦPSII）、光化学淬灭系数（qP）随盐度升高下降,而非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）随盐度升高而上升.超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性变化大致趋势是低盐和高盐下活性较高,碳酸酐酶（CA）活性则随盐度升高而降低,第5d时45盐度是30盐度培养的0.43倍.因此,认为高盐一定程度地抑制了蛋白核小球藻的生长、叶绿素荧光参数和CA活性,但是促进了总脂含量和抗氧化酶SOD活性的提高.

Chlorella pyrenoidosa is a kind of important economic microalgae. In this paper, the effects of different salinity (15, 30 and 45) on the growth, total lipid content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and enzymic activities of C. pyrenoidosa 820 are investigated in order to understand how the alga responds to salinity. Results show that, with the increase of salinity, the growth speed of C. pyrenoidosa 820 decreases, but the lipid contents keep increasing. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΦPSII) and photochemical quenching (qP) declinee with the increasing salinity, whereas the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is enhanced with the increasing salinity. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities are higher under the 15 and 45 salinity than that of 30. The carbonic anhydrase (CA) activities are reversely propotional to the salinity increase, and CA activity of 45 is 43%of that of 30

为给利用藻类作为指示生物开展除草剂的监测提供理论依据，选用3种绿藻（斜生栅藻、蛋白核小球藻和羊角月牙藻）为对象，研究其在3种典型除草剂（阿特拉津、敌草隆和西玛津）的胁迫下藻类叶绿素荧光参数的变化规律，进而评价参数的敏感性，探讨不同藻类对不同毒性物质的响应差异性。研究结果表明，在不同毒物浓度下，藻类生长受到不同程度抑制，其耐受性也不同；羊角月牙藻对除草剂比较敏感，可选择该藻类作为监测3种典型除草剂的指示生物。

In order to provide theoretical guidance for herbicide monitoring by algae, three kinds of algaes, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Selenastrum capricornutum, are selected as research objects, and their Chlorophyll fluorescence variation law under stress of three typical herbicides are studied for evaluating the sensitivity of the parameters, and the response differences of three kinds algaes to the toxicity was discussed. The results show that the algaes are inhibited in different toxicities with various tolerance capacities under different toxicity concentrations; the Selenastrum capricornutum has higher sensitivity to the herbicide, which could be adopted as bio-indicator for monitoring.