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双语推荐：跨距

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本文从有限元理论出发,建立了接触网的有限元模型,对简单链形悬挂一个跨距内的弹性进行了仿真分析,精确的计算了弹性的大小和跨距内的弹性不均匀度,对弓网系统的安全运营有重要的指导意义。
Based on finite element theory, the finite element model of Overhead Contact System was established, on which the simulation analysis of elasticity in one span was done and the elasticity and unevenness were calculated accurately. It had very important significance for the safe operation of pantograph-OCS system.

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针对超高运行的自动化机械手可靠性及安全性问题，对其超大跨距第七轴机械手支撑横梁的设计进行验证分析。主要基于ANSYS仿真对某型汽车拆解线的大跨距横梁进行有限元结构静力分析，研究其变形及应力应变情况，并确定机械手行走稳定性影响。分析结果可以对横梁的设计提供参考，对大型自动化工程具有通用性和参考意义。
For ultra-running automated robotic reliability and security problems,analyzed to verify the seventh large span support beam axis robot design.The finite element structural static analysis oflarge spanbeam used on a certain type of cardismantling line has been finished on ANSYS, and researching its deformation and stress-strain conditions, in addition to determining the stability of walking robot. The result can provide reference for design,and the discussion will be useful for large-scale automationmechanical engineering.

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为了研究旧采区遗留空巷顶板稳定性，将空巷顶板受力简化得到固支梁力学模型，对其破坏形式和过程进行分析，得到空巷保持稳定的极限跨距计算公式，结合仙泉煤业旧采空巷赋存实际，经计算得出不同层位的煤岩体垮落对应的空巷极限跨距，研究结果对旧采区煤柱安全回收具有重要参考意义。
To study the stability of roof in goaf in abandoned mining area, the roof stress was simplified to achieve a mechanical model for clamped beams. Its failure form and process were studied for a calculation formula of limited span to retain the goaf stability. Combined with occurrence of the abandoned goaf in Xianquan Coal Co., Ltd., the limited spans in coal rock falling at different layers were worked out. The results is important for safe recovery of coal pillars in the abandoned mining area.

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通过测定粒径、跨距等性能指标,考察制备工艺、水质及贮存条件对5%阿维菌素水乳剂的稳定性能的影响。结果表明,采用剪切速率3 000 r/min,剪切4 min可以获得较小的粒径和较窄的跨距,产品对水质有较好的适应性,但当用1 000 mg/L硬水时会影响其稳定性,产品常温贮存、热贮和冷贮均表现良好的稳定性,各项性能符合国家标准要求。
Effects of preparation process,water quality and storage conditions on the stability properties of 5% abamectin EW were studied by determination of particle size and span. The results showed 5% abam-ectin EW had smaller particle size and narrower span by shearing for 4 min with shear rate 3 000 r/min, the EW product had a good adaptability to water quality,but when using 1 000 mg/L hard water will effect the stability,product showed good stability storage at room temperature,hot and cold conditions and the performance indicators accorded with the requirement of national standard.

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接合齿设计成倒锥形状,能有效地防止脱档。介绍了倒锥形接合齿量球法中的量球测量跨距M值的计算原理及公式。
The engaging gear designed as an inverted cone shape ,effectively preventing theretaining ,calculation principle and formula are introduced in this paper conemeasuring ball tooth measuring ball method in the distance of M value .

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为了划分出双河煤矿新区3＃煤层巷道冒顶危险区域，进而有针对性地及时采取防治措施，降低巷道冒顶事故发生率，同时节省巷道支护材料。以分析岩层稳定性的主要影响因素和获得精细地质生产资料为基础，建立顶板岩层稳定跨距计算力学模型，获得稳定跨距公式，以此为基础借助于顶板探测仪和岩层结构窥视仪等观测工具，最终得出双河煤矿巷道冒顶危险区域。区域划分对矿井和鸡西矿业集团乃至龙煤集团日后生产，具有借鉴意义和辐射作用。
In order to save the roadway supporting material and find the preventive measures to reduce the accident rates of coal mine , we try to find out the area of the roof collapse of drift in the Shuanghe No.3 Mine.The main influent factors and geological production data are analyzed as the analysis basis,the span formula was established.Based on the observation of strata structure de-tector and peep instrument, the paper found out the area of roof collapse of driftin Shuanghe No.3Mine.The research results may be of significance for the problem-solving of the roof collapse of drift .

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大型和高速机床中的长跨距滚珠丝杠,由于行程长、丝杠长径比过大,导致挠度大、运行中易发生抖动等一系列问题,严重影响机床的动态性能。根据丝杠结构和滚珠丝杠驱动方式的不同,分析长丝杠的振动方式,长丝杠振动对机床临界转速和传动精度的影响。通过ANSYS Workbench动力学分析模块,对丝杠进行模态和振动响应分析。针对出现的问题,提出了相应的技术解决方案。研究结果为解决长跨距丝杠工程应用问题提供了参考依据。
As to the long-span ball screw in large and high-speed machine tool,because long stroke and the ratio of length to di-ameter was too large,a series of problems in operation,such as large deflection and jittering were resulted,which seriously affected the dynamic capability of machine tool. According to the structure of screw and the differences of drive mode of ball screw,the vibration mode of long screw and its effect on the machine tool’s critical speed and transmission accuracy were analyzed. Through the ANSYS Workbench dynamic analysis module,the modal and vibration response of ball screw were analyzed. Aimed at the problems occurred, the corresponding technical solutions are put forward. The research results provide reference basis for solving problems in long span ball screw’s engineering application.

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主要研究陶瓷球轴承高精密电主轴动态性能。首先简化并建立轴承—转子系统模型,然后根据电主轴高精度要求选择合适的预紧力,并计算出前后轴承的径向刚度;将所建模型导入软件,根据径向刚度值进行模态分析,结果可以看出所设计电主轴在实际运转中不会产生共振;最后分析出电机转子安装位置变化对临界转速的影响不大,并对比跨距和悬伸量两个模态参数对临界转速的影响,跨距影响最大,悬伸量次之,而安装位置影响最小。该研究为电主轴的设计提供良好的理论依据。
It mainly analyzes the dynamic characteristics for high precision motorized spindle of ceramic ball bearing. Firstly a 3D FEA model of bearing-spindle system is given, then the pretightening force is selected according to high precision and the radial rigidity of shafting bearings is calculated; dynamic analysis is finished in response to the radial rigidity after the FEA model was built in ANSYS, and it suggested that resonance vibration of the motorized spindle can not occur during working;lastly it analyses that the effect of motor rotor position on whirling speed is small. In contrast, the effect of other two modal parameters which are extended length and length of span is bigger and the effect of length of span is the biggest. The research provides good theoretical basis for motorized spindle design.

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以保证机床主轴精度问题为研究目标,给出了主轴关键尺寸与形位公差的标注方法和要求以及应满足的技术条件。按主轴组件受切削载荷和支反力的静力平衡条件建立其弹性变形的几何模型;利用材料力学的刚度和强度理论来分析得出了确定机床主轴前后轴颈尺寸及内孔直径的方法;根据主轴变形几何模型求得了主轴前端实际位移关系式,依前端位移最小来确定主轴的最佳支承跨距计算线图,并可用迭代法求主轴最佳跨距。可为机床主轴前后轴承选择和参数设计提供依据。
To ensure the precision of machine tool spindle, this paper gives out labeling method for its key dimensions and form and location tolerance as wel as required technical condition. According to static equilibrium condition to spindle unit receiving cutting force and bearing reaction, it establishes the geometry model of the spindle elastic deformation and uses the theory of rigidity and strength to obtain a method of ascertaining the size of front and back shaft necks as wel as diameter of bore.The actual displacement relation of its front end is found out from the geometry model of spindle deformation, which can be used to determine a calculating line graph of the best span of the spindle according to the minimum front end displacement. Its optimum span is found by the iterative method. The results can give evidence to choosing bearings and setting parameters of the machine tool spindle.

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随著科学技术的发展，桥梁逐渐朝向大跨距、减轻自重、轻质、耐久方向发展的今天，应用轻质粒料混凝土不但可减少构材断面、增大结构跨度、提高空间使用效率，对桥梁设计及施工竞争力也会有所提升。
With the development of science and technology, bridges gradual y toward the direction of large span, reduce weight, lightweight, and durable to develop today and the ap-plication of lightweight aggregate concrete not only can reduce the structural material section, increase the span structure and improve the efficiency of space service, but also improve the bridge design and construction competitiveness.

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