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双语推荐：鲁迅

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鲁迅是我国近代文坛巨匠,其作品影响了整整几代人。针对鲁迅作品的教学研究一直是教育工作者的研究的重中之重。教育工作者有责任在深入研读鲁迅作品的同时,探究在课堂中讲授鲁迅作品的方法,让鲁迅作品在学生的心中活起来,让鲁迅精神在学生心灵中生长起来。
Lu Xun is our country modern literature masters of the literary world, its work influence the whole generations. Lu Xun''s works of teaching research has been the top priority of the study of education workers. Education workers have a responsibility in the thorough study of Lu Xun''s works at the same time, explores the class teaching method of Lu Xun''s works, let the works by luxun in the heart of the students live it up, let the spirit in lu xun in the student mind grow.

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鲁迅杂文与绍兴生活民俗存在着密切联系。鲁迅自幼生活于其间的民间习俗氛围以及它所蕴涵的精神触动着、影响着鲁迅,并养育了他的个性。这种个性气质流淌在鲁迅杂文的艺术园地里,形成一种与众不同的杂文意蕴,即一种泼辣辣的野气。鲁迅杂文所张扬着的野气的形成是绍兴民间习俗所养育的鲁迅个性的必然结果。
Lu Xun＇s essays and Shaoxing customs are closely linked. The life in such folk spirit touched, influenced Lu Xun and raised his characteristics. The personality flow in the art atmosphere and its of Lu Xun＇s essays, forming a different type of essay, a steady wildness. The wildness of Lu Xun＇s essays is the formation of Shaoxing customs which brought the result of Lu Xun＇s personality.

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鲁迅图像是毛泽东时代文化理想与大众认知相匹配的产物,也是艺术家进行身份构建的道具,其实质为文化偶像的视觉呈现。鲁迅形象在不断地被毛泽东概念化的同时,这种概念化本身成了一个再想象的基础,从而衍生出诸多新的"鲁迅形象"。这些"鲁迅形象"不是历史的真实再现,而是真实鲁迅的仿像,由此导致的形象错觉阻隔了观者探求原形鲁迅的视线。鲁迅图像以视觉的方式见证了那个时代特殊的文化心态。
The image of Lu Xun from 1949 to 1976 is a product matching cultural ideals with the popular cog-nition as well as a means to the establishment of the artist’ s identity, whose essence is the visual presentation of the cultural icon. Along with the conceptualization of the image of Lu Xun came the basis for a re-imagination, thus leading to numerous new “images of Lu Xun” during that period. These“images of Lu Xun” are not a true repre-sentation of history but a simulacra of real Lu Xun, thereby having resulted in an image illusion and prevented viewers from an authentic image of Lu Xun. The image of Lu Xun has visually witnessed the special cultural men-tality of that era.

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当今社会，在分享改革和发展成果的同时，也面临着空前复杂的矛盾和亟待解决的众多问题，这时，重温鲁迅，重提鲁迅的精神文化资源，珍视鲁迅的精神文化资源，无疑有益于我们对当今社会和文化的深刻理解，有益于探讨解决当下问题的途径，也有益于我们对以鲁迅为代表的“现代国学”的承传，从而进一步繁荣当今的文化、文学和学术事业。然而，仍有人在网络上大谈“鲁迅是思想文化的负面资源”，流传甚广，因此，必须加以澄清，重提和珍视鲁迅精神文化资源的正面价值、当代意义，以正视听。鲁迅的精神文化资源是博大精深的，限于篇幅，我们主要从鲁迅精神、鲁迅的思想文化、鲁迅的文学和学术等三个方面的主要领域进行论述，并力图揭示出它的正面价值和当代意义。
Today’s society not only shares the fruits of reform and development but also faces unprecedent-edly complicated contradictions and problems .At this time ,we review Lu Xun and his spiritual and cultur-al resources and cherish the resources of Lu Xun’s spiritual and cultural resources ,which will undoubtedly benefit our deep understanding of today’s society and culture ,ways to discuss and solve the problems and the inheritance of “Modern Chinese Classics” represented by Lu Xun for further prosperity of today ’s cultural ,literary and academic career .However ,there are still some people in the network talking about“Lu Xun is negative resources of thoughts and culture”,and it is widely spread . Therefore ,we must clear ,review and cherish the positive value and contemporary significance of Lu Xun ’s spiritual and cultur-al resources and reveal the turth . Lu Xun’ s spiritual and cultural resources are broad and profound . Because of the limited space ,this thesis ma

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21世纪的中国，还需要鲁迅吗？鲁迅是谁？这个看似简单而实际上又难以真正回答准确的问题．也一直缠绕着中国的知识界。鲁迅的“独异”和“自成品格”，鲁迅文化身份及其意义，被遗忘正是鲁迅自己的期望，为何还要问：21世纪，还需要鲁迅吗？问题的实质是与中国的历史、现实密切相关，是一个绕不过去的问题，学者从各自的学术层面．来回应这些问题。
In the twenty-first century, is Lu Xun also needed in China? Who is Lu Xun? These seemingly simple questions have puzzled the Chinese intellectual circles. Lu Xun has a“unique character”, his own cultural identity and significance. Essentially, these questions are inevitable and closely related to the history of China and the social reality of current China, The scholars have given their own answers to these questions from their own perspectives.

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鲁迅散文蕴含丰富的人学思想,生死之间就是鲁迅散文人学的一个精神体悟。《从百草园到三味书屋》与《狗·猫·鼠》《父亲的病》描绘了生机盎然的乐园与隐鼠、父亲的死,这是鲁迅最初的生命意识与死亡体会。鲁迅在《无常》《女吊》中赞扬了这两种鬼物,映衬的是民众对生与死的达观与不屈不挠的态度,从侧面展现鲁迅的生死体认。面对青年人美好生命的戛然而止,鲁迅著有《记念刘和珍君》《为了忘却的记念》,鲁迅感到珍爱生命与正视死亡的必要性。《死》中,鲁迅诠释了自我的生死体悟,生要"赶快做",死是"随便党"。
Lu Xun''s prose contains a wealth of Thought,Lu Xun''s prose between life and death on one of the psychological effects."From Baicaoyuan to Sanweishuwu""father''s illness"and"dogs · cats · Mouse"depicts the vitality of the park and mouse,the death of his father,this is a the Lu Xun initial sense of life and death experience."Impermanence""hanging"Lu Xun praised both them,against the background of the attitude of the people and indomitable optimism of life and death,from the side to show the life and death of Lu Xun recognize. Faced with the abrupt end of the young people a better life,Lu Xun wrote"remember Liu Hezhen""remember to forget",Lu Xun was cherished life and the need to face up to the death."Dead",Lu Xun''s interpretation of the life and death sort of understanding of self,raw to be done quickly,death is"casual party.

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副文本对于翻译研究意义重大,在揭示译者翻译思想、提供译者与读者交流平台、探究译本生成和传播等方面起到重要作用。本文通过梳理鲁迅译作中的副文本因素,从内文本和外围文本方面探讨鲁迅译作传播的原因,指出鲁迅撰写的大量序、跋等文字材料,大量和翻译相关的杂文,出版商的推介,鲁迅本人的崇高地位等要素对鲁迅译作和鲁迅翻译思想的推动作用。
Paratext means a lot to translation studies in the way of revealing translators’ translation thought, providing a communication platform between translators and readers, and figuring out the potential factors behind the formation and spread of translations. Through sorting out and analyzing the paratextual elements, including peritextual elements and epitextual elements, in Lu Xun’s translations, the thesis summarizes the contributing factors of paratextual elements like the preface, postscript, the promotion of the publisher, Lu Xun’s reputation as a writer and translator as well as other papers and articles concerning translation to the spread of Lu Xun’s translations and Lu Xun’s translation thought.

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针对当下鲁迅文学作品阅读教学中浅阅读的现状，提出鲁迅文学作品需要“深度阅读”的看法，主要阐述了采用“沉入词语”细读的方法，开展鲁迅文学作品“深度阅读”的研究情况。
Aiming at the present status of shallow reading in lu xun’s literature works reading teaching, this paper put forward the need to“deep reading”lu xun literature, mainly expounds the adopt the method of “sink into the words”read,“deep reading” in lu xun’s literature research.

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鲁迅研究无疑是20世纪文学研究中最大的显学，然历来分析鲁迅文化心理的论著不少，但却很少有人关注过鲁迅的性心理问题。他悲剧的婚姻，压抑的爱恋心态，一直少有深入的探索。鲁迅性格禀赋本就阴柔，有女性味。故追求爱人较迟疑被动，未得到理想的真爱。鲁迅的特殊性情和文学叙述方式都深受其悲剧婚姻和长期的爱恋压抑和性苦闷的影响。但是，爱恋的苦闷却被鲁迅坚韧地升华为文艺的独特才气和特质。鲁迅对传统文化的偏执批判，冷峻犀利之文风，思想的创造性都与此紧密相关。还原鲁迅的性爱心理，乃是深度理解一代大师内心世界和文艺心灵的另一个重要的角度。
There is no doubt that the study about Lu Xun is the biggest famous school in literary research?es in twentieth century. Many works are about his cultural psychology, but a few ones are about his sex psy?chology. Little attention is paid on his tragedy of marriage and repression of love. Lu Xun is delicate and femi?nine. Therefore, he was reluctant to pursue lovers and failed to find a true love. His special temperament and literal narrative form were deeply affected by tragedy of marriage, repression of love and depression of sex. His repression of love was distillation of unique talent on literature and characteristics, which results in his criti?cize on traditional culture, sharp writing style and creative thought. Revivification of Lu Xun’s sex psychology is another important point of view for a better understanding of his inner world and literary mind.

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鲁迅特别关心青年的读书,多次提出自己深思熟虑的看法。介绍鲁迅先生几则关于读书的言论,和青年们一起学习思考。鲁迅先生的这些意见是在当时的语境下说的,不免有偏颇和局限。而鲁迅所批评的许多弊病还在延续,所以我们仍然可以从中得到有益的启示。
Lu Xun felt great concerns for the readings of the youth, expressing his own considerate thinking. The paper is rec-ommendation of some of his teachings of reading books and some analysis with young people. Under the context today, Lu Xun’ s o-pinions are partial and limited. But the malpractice Lu Xun criticized still remains. We need to get some inspiration from Lu Xun’ s words.

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