该文提出一种基于权重与轮询(Round-Robin,RR)的双层仲裁算法,在无冲突和多冲突情况下分别采用改进的固定优先级(Fixed Priority,FP)和RR仲裁轮流工作,并通过彩票项设置权重。在非空非抢占(NonIdling and NonPreemptive,NINP)模型下相比传统FP,RR和Lottery仲裁算法有更好的输出带宽比、带宽占用率和功耗,在速度和面积上有一定优势。该算法适应多种请求环境,逻辑简单,容易实现,可应用于总线结构的片上系统(System-on-Chip,SoC)。

A two-level arbitration algorithm based on weight and Round-Robin (RR) is presented. It sets weight by tickets and employs improved Fixed Priority (FP) and RR arbitration to work in turn respectively under the conditions that there is no contention and there exit heavy contentions. In the NonIdling and NonPreemptive (NINP) model, the proposed arbitration algorithm is much better in the output bandwidth ratio, bandwidth utilization, power, fanout and it also has advantages in speed and area compared with the commonly-used FP, RR and Lottery arbitration algorithms. The proposed arbitration algorithm is suitable in various request environments, simple in logic and easy to implement, so it can be applied to SoC bus systems.

随着晚清政府的日趋衰败,朝廷拟设国家彩票以解财政困窘,各地方各行业亦纷纷开设千奇百怪的彩票。清末彩票的泛滥,使其迹近赌博,遭致了最终被禁绝的命运。

With the declining of late Qing government, the Court proposed to alleviate the financial difficulties of the national lottery. All sorts of strange lottery tickets were established and this lead to many abuses. The spread of the lottery in late Qing Dynasty and it is akin to gambling, this lead to its ultimate fate of being banned.

通过文献资料、数理统计、走访调查等研究方法在对苏州、无锡、南京三市体育彩票销售情况分析的基础上对三地体育彩票营销模式进行了对比分析。调查发现:三市在彩票营销组织架构上存在不同,在营销模式上各具特色,苏州凸显渠道建设,南京彰显整合营销,无锡则重视新产品开发营销,并指出整体存在的问题:营销水平不高、自组织营销缺失、营销人才队伍建设不足、营销针对性不强、站点生存生态恶化等。在此基础上提出了体育彩票营销的对策:建立公益先行的体育彩票营销概念思路;建立基于人群的体育彩票营销策略;建立人情化的渠道建设思路;完善体育彩票营销组织架构;调动体育彩票销售站点、员的营销热情;建立基于本国赛事的竞彩制度。

In the present project,we compared the sports lottery marketing models in Suzhou,Wuxi and Nanjing, based on the investigation we conducted into the sports lottery sales when we visited the three cities. We found that the three cities differed in the organizational structure of lottery marketing,each with its unique marketing model:Suzhou highlighting channel construction, Nanjing emphasizing integrated marketing and Wuxi focusing on new product development. We also identified such problems as low-level marketing, lack of self-organized marketing, shortage of qualified marketing personnel,weak targeted marketing and deteriorating survival environment of the lot-tery stations. We offer the following countermeasures:a welfare-first sports lottery marketing philosophy;population-based sports lottery marketing strategies;human-oriented channel construction,an improved organizational structure for sports lottery sales,enthusiastic marketing staff,and an SMG system based on domestic

文章使用Kumar（2009）提出的低股价、高特质波动率和高特质偏度识别股票的彩票特性，利用2010至2012年A股市场的大样本数据，实证分析了机构投资者的博彩偏好及对股价同步性的影响。结果表明，我国机构投资者存在明显的博彩偏好；且这种博彩偏好会提高股价波动的同步性程度。这一结论从博彩偏好的视角，为机构投资者有限理性造成的股价同步性的存在提供了新的证据。

Based on the lottery features( a low share price,hiGh idiosyncratic volatility and hiGh idiosyncratic skewness stock)proposed by Kumar(2009),this paper made an empirical analysis of the institutional investors’ bettinG preferences and the impact on the stock price synchronicity by usinG a larGe database of A—shares capital market of 2010—2012 . The result shows that institutional investors have siGnificant preference for stocks which have lottery features and their lottery preference induces stock price synchronicity. From the perspective of lottery prefer_ences,this conclusion provides new evidence that the stock price synchronicity exists due to bounded rationality of institutional investors.

2009年,Lee和Chang提出了基于中国剩余定理和盲签名的电子彩票方案,但其方案不满足公平性和公开可验证性。给出了一种基于安全多方计算的电子彩票协议,中奖号码由所有参与者共同产生,可防止合谋造假,并满足广泛的可验证性。

In 2009, based on Chinese remainder theorem and blind signature, Lee and Chang proposed a electronic lottery proto-col, but this protocol does not satisfy the requirement of fairness and verification. This paper proposes a electronic lottery proto-col based on multi-party computation, and the winning numbers is generated by all the players. The improvement prevents dis-honest participant from forging lottery ticket and makes the scheme public verification.