本文介绍了PV/T太阳能系统的研究现状，分析了导致PV/T太阳能系统实用性差的原因。根据PV/T太阳能系统的结构特点及其相关理论，提出聚光技术与PV/T太阳能系统集成、 PV/T集热器结构优化、 PV/T太阳能系统转换效率与工作温度之间的平衡及完善PV/T太阳能特性评价体系的解决方案。实验证明方案有利于提高PV/T太阳能系统的实用性。

The research status of the photovoltaic/thermal ( PV/T) solar system is introduced in the paper. The cause of poor practicability for the PV/T solar system is analyzed. In order to improver the practicability of the PV/T solar system, the solutions ( integrated condenser in PV/T solar system, opti-mized the structure of PV/T collector, balance of the conversion efficiency and the operation temperature, perfection evaluation method) are proposed based on the structure and theory of the PV/T collector.

目的出血是真性红细胞增多症(PV)的表现之一,与血栓倾向并存容易被忽视。通过对1例PV病史的回顾,促进对PV患者出血并发症的认识。方法回顾我院收治的1例PV患者,结合文献讨论患者的临床表现并总结治疗策略。结果 PV患者出血表现随着抗血小板聚集和放血治疗由隐匿到明显,经内科止血治疗停止,同时红细胞比容降至正常水平。文献回顾可见PV患者并发各种出血表现并不罕见,但消化道出血较少见,多种因素影响PV患者出血倾向,除了血细胞数量指标,凝血指标也是指导PV治疗的重要参考。结论应当根据血栓发生危险度选择适当的治疗策略,综合分析血栓和出血倾向,选择适当治疗措施,防治PV的出凝血异常。

Objective Hemorrhage which is one of the manifestations of polycythemia vera(PV),coexisted with thrombogen is easy to be ignored.Through the review of one case with PV,to promote the awareness of PV in patients with bleeding complications. Methods To discuss the clinical manifestations of one patient with PV in our hospital and to summarize the therapeutic strategy combining literature. Results Hemorrhage of PV patients had been obvious from hidden as anti platelet aggregation and bloodletting therapy,and stopping at hemostatic of internal medicine,while the hematocrit had decreased to normal level.The review of literature could be found that,PV patients with various kinds of hemorrhage was not uncommon,gastrointestinal hemorrhage was rare,various factors were the influence of PV patients with bleeding tendency.In addition to the number of blood cells, blood coagulation index was an important reference index of PV patients. Conclusion Based on the thrombosis risk, the compreh

利用TRNSYS软件对太阳能光电/热综合利用系统（PV/T）在重庆地区的屋顶及墙面两种应用形式进行了全年模拟研究,对其光电、光热特性进行了分析。得出R-PV/T系统的发电总量与系统的光热转换总量高于W-PV/T系统,而W-PV/T系统的敷设可以不受屋面场地的限制,使建筑墙体表面获得利用,因此仍然具有较大可行性。论文的研究为PV/T在重庆等太阳辐射强度较弱地区的应用提供了参考。

The two application forms of solar PV/T in roof sand walls in Chongqing are studied through simulation with TRNSYS for a year and photo-electric and photo-thermal features are analyzed. The results show that the power production and photo-thermal transfer amount of R-PV/T system are higher than those of W-PV/T, but W-PV/T laying is out of the limit of building, so it can be applied by building walls and it''s feasible. It offers some ref-erences for the application of PV/T in parts of low solar radiation in Chongqing.

太阳能光电?热一体化(solar photovoltaic-thermal hybrid，PV-T)系统产生的热水的温度通常达不到生活所需的水温，如果和热泵联合工作，则可以提供较高温度的热水，系统的实用性明显提高。理论上在PV-T提供的热能与热泵吸收的热能相等时， PV-T与热泵能很好的匹配耦合，在此基础上建立了PV-T与热泵耦合的热力分析模型。结合热管式 PV-T 系统实验装置和热泵实验装置进行测试的实验数据，对该耦合系统的热力性能进行分析，基于两种不同算法，得出了匹配情况下PV-T耦合热泵系统的COP，实验还得出PV-T系统的火用效率为0.08左右，热泵的火用效率为0.38左右，匹配情况下耦合系统的火用效率为0.05左右，该 PV-T耦合热泵系统有较好的节能效果。文中对系统提出了节能建议。该研究结果为PV-T与热泵耦合工作的应用及其系统参数的选用提供理论依据。

Temperature of the hot water produced by solar photovoltaic-thermal hybrid(PV-T) system usually can not reach the required hot water temperature of daily life. Working with heat pump, the PV-T system can provide hot water with higher temperature and the practicability of this system will be improved significantly. When the heat energy produced by the PV-T system is equal to that absorbed by the heat pump, the PV-T and heat pump coupled systems can achieve a very good match in theory. Based on this condition, a theoretical model of the coupled systems was established. The thermal performance was tested and analyzed according to the experimental data obtained from the PV-T and heat pump equipments.COP of the coupled systems under matching condition was concluded by two different algorithms. The exergy efficiency of the PV-T system and heat pump were about 0.08 and 0.38, respectively. The exergy efficiency of the coupled systems was about 0.05 under matching condition, which imp

目的探讨真性红细胞增多症(PV)患者外周血Th17和CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg)表达情况。方法选取30例初发(PV)患者,30名健康体检者作为对照。应用流式细胞术检测PV患者外周血中Th17和CD4+CD25+Treg的比例,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血浆及刺激后外周血单个核细胞(PBMNC)上清液中的白细胞介素(IL)-17,并与健康对照组比较。结果 1PV组外周血Th17淋巴细胞比例(2.9±5.6)%高于健康对照组(1.6±4.2)%;PV组外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞比例(2.0±5.4)%,低于健康对照组(4.6±4.4)%;2PV组血浆中IL-17表达水平(36±20)pg/mL,高于健康对照组水平(21±15)pg/mL;PV组IL-21水平(36±14)pg/mL,高于健康对照组(29±15)pg/mL。结论 PV患者外周血Th17淋巴细胞应答增强,而CD4+CD25+Treg细胞缺乏,发病可能与外周血Th17/Treg免疫应答失衡密切相关。

Objective This study investigated on the expression of blood Th17 and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells (Treg)in the patients with polycythemia vera (PV) .Thirty patients with PV were enrolled into this study , meanwhile 30 healthy donors were enrolled as control group .Proportions of blood Th17 and CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry .The concentrations of IL-17 and IL-21 in blood plasma were measured by ELISA .Methods ① The results showed that the proportions of blood Thl7 cells increased in patients with PV . Compared with normal controls ,CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells significantly decreased in patients with PV .②The concentrations of IL-17 and IL-21 of blood plasma obviously increased in patients with PV .Conclusion It was concluded that unbalance between Thl7 cells and CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells was presented in patients with PV .The onset of PV maybe related to the unbalance between Th17 cells and Treg cells.