甘薯长喙壳引起的石榴枯萎病、芋头黑腐病发生广泛,危害严重,造成巨大的经济损失。为寻找对环境友好的生防真菌,为蒙自甘薯长喙壳病害的有效防治提供依据,采用梯度稀释涂布法筛选到石榴根际土壤真菌99株,进而利用对峙培养法得到5株拮抗石榴枯萎病病原甘薯长喙壳的菌株：HCAF-02节卵孢属（Oospora sp.）、HCAF-19轮枝孢属（Verticillium sp.）、HCAF-33木霉属（Trichoderma sp.）、HCAF-54褐孢霉属（Fulvia sp.）、DCAF-42葡孢霉属（Botryosporium sp.）,其中菌株HCAF-02节卵孢属（Oospora sp.）;HCAF-19轮枝孢属（Verticillium sp.）;HCA-54褐孢霉属（Fulvia sp.）同时拮抗芋头黑腐病原甘薯长喙壳。菌株HCAF-02、HCAF-19具有高拮抗活性,具备防治蒙自石榴、芋头甘薯长喙壳病害的应用前景。

Pomegranate wilt and Taro black rot caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata result in great economic loss because of their wide distribution and serious damage .In order to find eco-friendly bio-control fungiand lay foundation for the control of the plant diseases caused by C.fimbriata in Mengzi County ,99 strains of fungi from pomegranate rhizosphere soil were isolated by gradient dilution coating method ,subsequently 5 strains an-tagonistic fungi against the causal agent of Pomegranate wilt including Oospora sp.HCAF-02,Verticillium sp. HCAF-19,Trichoderma sp.HCAF-33,Fulvia sp.HCAF-54 and Botryosporium sp.DCAF-42 was screened by confrontation culture method .Among the 5 strains of fungi ,HCAF-02,HCAF-19 and HCAF-54 had nearly e-qual effects on the pathogenic agent of taro black rot .HCAF-02 and HCAF-19 were of higher antagonistic ac-tivity and had application prospect for controlling the diseases in Pomegranate and taro black rot caused by C. fimbriata.

调查福建泉州地区28种药用植物根围土壤中丛枝菌根(AM)真菌的分布和侵染情况.依据AM真菌孢子形态的鉴定,分离出AM真菌5属56种,其中优势属球囊霉属35种,黑球囊霉为优势种;27种药用植物能与AM真菌形成良好共生关系,17种药用植物AM真菌侵染强度为5级,土牛膝的侵染率为0.牡荆、络石根围AM真菌种的丰度最高为14,络石的Shannon-Weiner指数最高达到2.09,桫椤的均匀度最高为0.95.结果表明:药用植物根围AM真菌多样性与土壤因子密切相关;Shannon-Weiner指数与电导率极显著正相关,与有机质、有效磷显著正相关;均匀度与电导率、有效磷极显著正相关,与pH值显著正相关.

The colonisation and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)fungi in the rhizosphere of 28 medicinal plants species in Quanzhou area of Fujian Province were investigated.The results showed that 56 species of 5 genera of AM fungi were isolated,of which 35 species belonged to Glomus genera,according to the morphologic identification of AM fungi spores.Glomus was the dominant genera and Glomus melanosporum was the prevalent AM fungi.Fine symbio-sis relation formed between AM fungi and 27 medicinal plants species.The AM infection intensity ranked 5 were showed in the rhizosphere of 17 medicinal plants species,however,the colonization was 0 in Achyranthes aspera L.In addition, the highest species richness (ranked 14)was found inVitex negundo and Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.)Lem. The highest Shannon-Weiner index (ranked 2.09)was in Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.)Lem and the highest eveness (ranked 0.95)was in Alsophila spinulosa (Hook.)Tryon.The AM fungi biodiversity was corre

采用组织块法从马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)根、茎和叶片中分离获得内生真菌,初步筛选出产油脂菌株且对其油脂含量进行了分析;并采用形态学及分子生物学方法对产油脂菌株进行了分类鉴定。结果显示:从马尾松植株中共获得21株内生真菌菌株,其中分离自根、茎和叶片的菌株分别为4株、6株和11株。有14株菌株的菌丝中有油滴;其中,分离自叶片的菌株ZP-1、分离自根的菌株ZP-2和分离自茎的菌株ZP-3的菌丝内油滴较多且油脂含量较高,平均油脂含量分别达到29.12%、25.03%和30.56%,差异极显著(P0.01)。不同菌株的菌落颜色、菌丝和分生孢子形态特征明显不同,菌株ZP-1、ZP-2和ZP-3的形态分别与拟青霉属(Paecilomyces Bainier)、生赤壳菌属(Bionectria Speg.)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium Link)菌种的形态相似。与GenBank中相关真菌ITS序列的比对以及NJ系统树分析结果显示:菌株ZP-1与拟青霉属、菌株ZP-2与生赤壳菌属、菌株ZP-3与镰刀菌属间的ITS片段序列相似性均达到99%,在各自的NJ系统树上它们也分别聚在一起。初步确定菌株ZP-1、ZP-2和ZP-3分别属于拟青霉属、生赤壳菌属和镰刀菌属。

By means of tissue block method, endophytic fungi were obtained from root, stem and leaf of Pinus massoniana Lamb., and producing lipid strains were preliminarily selected out and their lipid contents were analyzed. And these lipid strains were also classified and identified by morphological and molecular biological methods. The results show that 21 strains of endophytic fungi have been obtained from P. massoniana, in which, the number of strains isolated from root, stem and leaf is 4, 6 and 11 strains, respectively. There are oil bodies in mycelia of 14 strains, in which, the number of oil body is more and lipid content is higher in mycelia of strain ZP-1 from leaf, strain ZP-2 from root and strain ZP-3 from stem, and average lipid content reaches to 29. 12%, 25. 03% and 30. 56%, respectively, with the extremely significant difference (P<0. 01). Colony color, morphological characteristics of mycelium and conidium of different strains are obviously different, and morphology of strains

2012年7月选取宁夏银川、沙坡头和甘肃民勤3个样地，分0-10、10-20、20-30、30-40、40-50 cm 5个土层采集蒙古沙冬青（Ammopiptanthus monglicus）根围土壤样品，研究了 AM 真菌物种多样性和土壤因子生态作用。共分离 AM 真菌4属36种，其中，球囊霉属（Glomus）19种，无梗囊霉属（Acaulospora）13种，盾巨孢囊霉属（Scutellospora）3种，多孢囊霉属（Diversispora）1种。黑球囊霉（G.melanosporum）是银川和沙坡头优势种，网状球囊霉（G.reticulatum）是民勤优势种。民勤孢子密度、种丰度和物种多样性最高，孢子密度和种丰度随土层加深而递减，在0-20 cm土层达最大值。总球囊霉素（TEG）和易提取球囊霉素（EEG）含量在3个样地均随土层加深而降低。孢子密度与土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾显著正相关，与总球囊霉素极显著正相关。结果表明，AM真菌物种多样性具有明显空间异质性，并与土壤环境密切相关，这为筛选优良菌种，充分利用AM真菌资源促进沙冬青生长和荒漠植被恢复提供了依据。

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) are important functional components of ecosystems. In order to elucidate the diversity and distribution of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of Ammopiptanthus monglicus, soil samples in the rhizosphere of A. monglicus were collected from three samples sites (Yin Chuan, Sha Potou and Min Qin) and divided into five layers on the basis of depth, from top to bottom: 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 cm in July 2012. In this study, 36 species of AM fungi were isolated from four genera isolated in three sampling sites. Among these species, nineteen of them belonged to Glomus, thirteen of them to Acaulospora, three of them to Scutellospora and one of them to Diversispora. AM fungal species diversity was closely related to the soil environments. G.melanosporum was the dominant species in Yinchuan and Shapotou, G.reticulatum was the dominate species in Min Qin. AM fungal spore density, species richness and species diversity were the highest in Min Qin site, and the va

采用稀释平板法对转AmGS抗寒基因红叶石楠的土壤微生物的数量与种类进行测定，并对细菌、真菌菌株培养性状进行了分析，结果表明：转AmGS基因红叶石楠根际土壤与对照组相比，细菌和真菌的种类和数量没有发生明显变化；细菌菌群中以杆菌属为主，真菌菌群中以木霉属为主，转基因红叶石楠对土壤微生物的多样性无明显影响。

An experiment was conducted to determine to dilution plate method for transfer AmGS cold-toler-ant gene Photinia×fraseri microbial species and quantity of rhizosphere soil,and bacterial,fungal strains were cultured traits were analyzed,the results showed that:transfer AmGS gene Photinia×fraseri compared with the control group,no significant change bacterial species,fungi species and number did not change;The genera of Trichoderma were dominant in fungi communities and Bacillus in bacterial communities. The transgenic Photinia×fraseri had no evident effect on soil microbial diversity.