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双语推荐：节段施工法

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以实际工程为背景，介绍哈大铁路普兰店海湾特大桥主桥简支箱梁节段湿接法施工方法，南京长江四桥北引桥划子河以南引桥箱梁节段胶接法施工方法，并对2种施工工艺流程进行总结，分别从施工周期、外观、经济性和实用性方面对2种施工方法进行比较。
Taking a practical engineering proj ect as reference,wet connection construction method of simply supported box beam segmental of Pulandian Gulf large Bridge in Harbin-Dalian railway is in-troduced,and the Huazi River south terminal bridge box beam segmental cementing construction method of the north bridge approach in the 4th Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge is also introduced. The two kinds of construction process are summed up and compared from the aspects of construction period,appearance,economy and practicability,and provides experience for the similar bridge con-struction.

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节段拼装架桥机作为预制节段拼装施工工艺的关键实施设备,其结构合理性、安全性至关重要。文中介绍了JP1500架桥机的总体设计方案、主要技术参数、主要结构特点以及施工工法,供今后同类型架桥机设计及施工参考。
As the critical implementing equipment for pre-casting segment assembly construction process,the segment assembly bridge-erecting machine is essential in structural reasonability and safety.The paper introduces the overall design scheme,main technical parameters,major structural features,and construction methods for the JP1500 bridge-erecting ma-chine,to provide reference for further design and construction of similar machines.

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对于采用短线法节段预制拼装施工的预应力钢筋混凝土桥,节段预制过程中较小的误差都可能导致成桥线形较大的偏差。为控制短线法节段预制过程中产生的误差,以嘉绍大桥北岸引桥（为13联70m跨预应力混凝土连续刚构桥,主梁为单箱双室斜腹板箱梁,采用短线法节段预制拼装施工）为背景,在对预制线形控制原理研究的基础上,提出基于非线性最小二乘的综合误差处理方法,并编制线形控制系统BSRI_SLCS。该方法首先计算理论预制线形,其次建立预制线形整体坐标系与节段局部坐标系,实现节段控制点坐标在不同坐标系中的变换,然后根据实测数据进行误差分析,调整匹配节段的位置。该方法在嘉绍大桥北岸引桥短线法施工中应用结果显示,成桥线形与理论线形较为接近,证明该方法对预制线形控制是可行的。
For the prestressed reinforced concrete bridge constructed by short‐line segmental precasting and assembling method ,even minor errors in the segmental precast process is possible to induce greater geometry deviation of the completed bridge .To control the deviation developing during the process of short‐line segmental precasting ,the north approach of Jiashao Bridge is taken as the study background .The approach is a prestressed concrete continuous rigid‐frame bridge with 13 units of 70 m long spans ,the main girder adopts the double cell single box girder with ob‐lique webs ,erected by short‐line segmental precasting and assembling construction .Based on the study of the theory of precasting geometry control ,the integral error handling method based on the least square method was put forward and the geometry control system BSRI‐SLCS was pro‐grammed .In this method ,the first step is to calculate the theoretical precasting geometry ,and then to establish the global co

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红柳河特大桥48m简支箱梁预应力质量控制的关键是节段箱梁预制过程中的预应力孔道位置控制和节段拼装过程中的湿接缝预应力孔道位置控制。由于48m箱梁节段拼装预应力筋过长、弯曲较多都会加大预应力筋的孔道摩阻损失，因此，后张法在张拉前测试预应力孔道的摩阻力是确保施工质量的有效措施。预应力孔道的摩阻测试有效验证了孔道位置施工质量，给预应力张拉提供准确的施工参数，确保预应力张拉施工质量。
The pivot of quality control in prestress of 48m segmental box girder in Hongliu River Great Bridge is to control the location of the prestressed aperture in the process of prefabricating segmental box girder and the prestressed aperture in the process of segmental assembly. It is the effective measure to ensure construction quality that the frictional resistance of prestressed aperture is tested before tensioning when the post-tensioning method is applied, because the aperture frictional resistance loss will be enlarged due to the fact that the prestressed reinforcing steel in 48m box girder assembly is too long and crooked. The testing in the frictional resistance of prestressed aperture can check effectively the construction quality of aperture’s location, provide accurate construction parameters about prestress tensioning, and ensure the construction quality of prestress tensioning.

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节段预制拼装法造桥是分段建造桥梁的一种,在原理上是从预应力结构、箱梁设计和分段施工法综合而成,经济技术性强,适用范围广。结合课题研究成果和工程实例,从包括技术特点、优缺点、分类等节段预制拼装造桥基本理论入手,对包括节段预制基本方法、通用制梁技术、节段梁吊装和运输技术等的节段预制技术,包括逐跨拼装法节段拼装装备、平衡悬臂法节段拼装装备等的节段拼装装备,包括节段拼装方法、通用拼装技术等的节段拼装技术,最后特别强调节段预制拼装线形控制技术,并对采用该技术进行桥梁设计提出建议。
Bridge built with assembled precast segments is one kind of segmented bridge. In principle, it is built in combination of prestressed structures, box girder design and segmented construction method, which is superior in technology and economy with wide application. In view of the research results and project practices including technical features, advantages and disadvantages, and classification related to precast segment assembling, this paper summarizes precast segmental technologies for segment fabrication, lifting, transport and assembly, the equipment for span-by-span assembling and the equipment with balanced cantilever, the segment assembling method and the general assembly techniques. At the same time, the paper addresses the alignment control technology and provides suggestions on the design of bridges employing such technologies.

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节段预制胶接拼装法造桥是分段建造桥梁的一种，在原理上是预应力结构、箱梁设计和分段施工法综合而成，经济技术性强，适用范围广。结合国内首座采用节段预制胶拼法建造的铁路桥梁工程实例，从节段预制胶接拼装造桥基本理论入手，对节段预制技术、胶接拼装装备、胶接拼装技术进行了叙述，以期对其他节段预制胶接拼装法建造桥梁工程提供借鉴。
The precast segments cementing assembling bridge-building is one kind of segmented bridge building methods, integrated from the prestressed structures,box girder design and segmented construction method in principle,which boasts the advantages of advanced technology and a wide range of application.Combined with the first precast segments cementing assembling bridges for railways the paper explores and analyzes precast segmental technology,segment assembly equip-ment,segment assembly technology,in order to provide reference to the other engineering from the theory of precast seg-ments cementing assembling bridge-building basic.

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准朔铁路黄河特大桥主桥为主跨380 m的上承式钢管混凝土拱桥，主拱肋为钢管混凝土主弦杆和箱形钢腹杆组成的空间桁架结构。针对该桥结构特点和施工难点，提出了支架拼装并竖转合龙方案、单拱肋单元吊装与双拱肋单元整体吊装的“缆扣法”施工方案，通过技术可行性、经济性、安全性等方面的比选，采用单拱肋和双拱肋单元整体吊装相结合的“缆扣法”施工方案。重量超过缆索吊设计吊重的节段采用单拱肋分别吊装两侧的单肢拱肋，安装K撑和横撑，在空中形成设计节段；其余节段在拼装场形成设计节段，整体运输到缆索吊下方，整体吊装后与前一节段在空中对接，然后扣索，依次形成半拱，最后完成合龙，并灌注钢管混凝土。
The main bridge of the Huanghe River Bridge on Zhungeer‐Shuozhou Railway is a concrete‐filled steel tube (CFST) deck arch bridge with a main span of 380 m .The main arch ribs of the bridge are the spatial truss structure that is composed of the CFST main chords and box steel web members .In the light of the structural features and construction difficulties of the bridge ,the scheme of assembling the main arch ribs on scaffoldings and closing the arch ribs by vertically rotating and the construction scheme of fastening stay method for lifting the single arch rib element and integrally lifting the double arch ribs element were proposed .Through compari‐son of the technical feasibility and the construction cost and safety ,it was determined that the construction scheme of fastening stay method for both lifting the single arch rib element and inte‐grally lifting the double arch ribs element should be adopted .For the arch rib element that was heavier than the designed lifting

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武汉鹦鹉洲长江大桥主桥为(200+2×850+200)m的三塔四跨地锚式悬索桥,为解决桥面铺装层易破损、脱离移位的难题,主梁采用钢-混结合梁结构,其上铺装改性沥青SMA铺装层。针对该新型结构设计,钢加劲梁各单元件均提前在专业钢结构加工厂内制造成型,并采用长线法预拼;混凝土桥面板采取工厂预制施工;边跨混凝土桥面板与钢加劲梁结合采取先节段内结合,后节段间结合的二次结合施工技术;中跨混凝土桥面板与钢加劲梁结合采取先节段桥面板临时固定,后分批浇筑湿接缝混凝土的结合施工技术。实践证明,该桥采用的钢-混结合梁施工技术实际应用效果良好。
The main bridge of Yingwuzhou Changjiang River Bridge in Wuhan is a three-tower four-span earth-anchored suspension bridge with span arrangement of (200+2 × 850+200) m .To counteract the bridge deck pavement damage ,detaching and displacement ,the main girder is de-signed as the steel-concrete composite girder structure covered with modified asphalt SMA pave-ment .To suit the new structural design ,all the elements of the steel stiffening girder were prefab-ricated and assembled by long line method in the specialist steel structure workshop .The concrete deck slabs were also factory-made .The concrete deck slabs and the steel stiffening girder in the side spans were combined by using the two-phased combining construction technique ,by which the elements in each section were combined first and then ,the overall sections were combined .But for the concrete deck slabs and the steel stiffening girder in the intermediate spans ,the concrete deck slabs in each section were temporarily fixed

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黄冈公铁两用长江大桥桥塔为H形钢筋混凝土结构，塔高190．5 m ，采用液压爬模法施工。为满足液压爬模在高塔施工过程中快速化施工的需求并确保施工安全，针对桥塔结构特点，选用将5m节段液压爬模改进成6m的节段液压爬模进行桥塔施工，并对液压爬模结构进行优化改进，包括整体制作大装饰槽和大倒角模板并固定在液压爬模上，在大装饰槽处附墙装置下增加牛腿，将塔柱内、外侧面液压爬模上支架后移平台加长50 cm。通过合理布置桥塔液压爬模轨迹，桥塔液压爬模只在中下塔柱转角处进行1次转换，避免了液压爬模在高空中多次转换的风险；液压爬模采用分组整体转换，加快了桥塔施工速度。实践证明，该桥采用液压爬模施工技术，实现了高效快速化施工目标，且施工过程安全。
The pylons of Huanggang Changjiang River Rail‐cum‐Road Bridge are H‐shaped re‐inforced concrete structures rising to 190 .5 m ,w hich are constructed by hydraulic climbing form‐work method .To suit the requirements of using hydraulic climbing formwork to conduct rapid construction of the high‐rise pylons and ensure the safety of construction ,in light of the structural characteristics of the pylons ,the 6 m long sectional hydraulic climbing formwork evolved from the 5 m long sectional hydraulic climbing formwork was selected ,and the structure of the hydraulic climbing formwork was optimized ,including monolithically fabricating formwork with large deco‐rative grooves and large chamfers that are fixed to the hydraulic climbing formwork .At the large decorative grooves ,brackets are added beneath the attached walls .The back‐moving platform of the upper supports on the lateral walls of the inner and outer side of the tower legs must be extend‐ed by a length of 50 cm .

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武汉市金桥为(138+81+41)m的独塔双索面预应力混凝土斜拉桥,主梁采用变宽分离式双边箱截面,最宽处宽49.899m,主跨和边跨分别采用悬臂浇筑和支架浇筑法施工。为了解主梁横截面各位置应力的分布规律,指导该桥施工监控,采用ANSYS建立实体模型,模拟主梁的施工过程,对MB6节段施工过程中各工况下MB2和MB3节段前端截面的顶、底板的剪力滞效应进行分析。结果表明:该桥主梁较宽,剪力滞效应比较明显,其中顶板的剪力滞效应相对于底板更加明显;预应力对截面剪力滞的影响有限,但近塔端越接近预应力作用范围的区域截面剪力滞受到预应力的影响越大;集中荷载对剪力滞效应影响较大。
The Jinqiao Bridge in Wuhan is a single pylon prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge with span arrangement of (138 + 81 + 41) m and with double cable planes .The main girder adopts the separated double-side box cross section with variable width and the widest part is 49 .899 m .The main span is constructed by the cantilever cast method ,while the side spans are cast on scaffoldings .In order to examine the law of stress distribution at different locations of the main girder cross section and to guide the construction control and monitoring of the bridge ,the ANSYS was used to set up the full-scale model of the bridge to simulate the construction process of the main girder ,and analyze the shear lag effect in the top and bottom plates of the front section of the MB3 and MB2 segments under different load cases during the construction process of the MB6 segment .The results shows that the girder of the bridge is broad and the shear lag effect is dis -tinct ,and the shear lag effect in t

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