以新鲜蟠桃为原料,对蟠桃果醋制作工艺进行了优化,包括酶解工艺,酒精发酵工艺以及醋酸发酵工艺、通过单因素与正交试验确定了制作蟠桃果醋的最优工艺,最佳酶解工艺为:酶添加量0.04%,酶解温度45℃,酶解时间2.5h,此条件下蟠桃原浆出汁率为86.52%;最佳酒精发酵条件:酵母添加量为0.03%,初始糖度为20%,发酵温度为22℃;醋酸发酵的最优工艺为:发酵温度为30℃,原料配比为3号比例(蟠桃酒1275g,麸皮180g,稻壳45g),醋酸菌接种量为10%,经验证性试验测得,此条件下总酸含量为4.56g/dL。

Fresh flat peach is used as raw material,the production process of flat peach fruit vinegar is optimized and determined through the single factor and orthogonal experiments,including enzymatic hydrolysis process,alcohol fermentation process and acetic acid fermentation process,the result shows that the optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions are:pectinase usage of 0.04%,temperature of 45 ℃,time of 2.5 h,under these conditions,the flat peach juice yield is up to 86.52%.The opti-mum alcohol fermentation conditions are:yeast dosage of 0.03%,initial sugar content of 20% and fermentation temperature of 22 ℃;the optimum acetic acid fermentation conditions are:fermentation temperature of 30 ℃,No.3 ratio (flat peach wine of 1275 g,bran of 180 g,rice husk of 45 g)is used as the ratio of raw material and acetic acid bacteria inoculation amount of 10%.The total acid content of 4.56 g/dL is obtained under such conditions through the verification test.

近年来，梨小食心虫成为果树主要害虫且种群呈上升趋势，在一些桃、梨、苹果、杏等混栽区尤为猖獗，严重影响果品产业的发展。研究以新疆克拉玛依市农业开发区李园、桃园和苹果园中的梨小食心虫为研究对象，通过设置诱捕器对梨小食心虫的消长动态、种群密度及对果实的危害程度展开调查研究。结果发现：梨小食心虫在克拉玛依地区5～8月主要有4个发生高峰，发生时种群密度最大的是李园，其次为苹果园和蟠桃园；对果实危害最严重的是李果实，其次为蟠桃，基本不危害苹果；不同诱捕器对梨小食心虫的诱捕效果为粘式诱捕器1号＞粘式诱捕器2号＞瓶装诱捕器。

In recent years has become the main pest on fruit trees and the population has being on the rise and the incidence is especially serious in the areas where peach, pear, apple and apricot etc. were grown in a mixed way and the development of the fruit industry has be affected seriously. With in the plum, peach and apple orchards in the agricultural development zone in Kelamayi municipality in Xinjiang as the object of study, the fluctua-tion dynamics, population density of and the degree of its harm to fruit were investigated by setting traps. It was found that there were 4 incidence peaks of in Kelamayi region during May to August and the biggest population density was found in the plum orchard, and secondly in the apple and peach orchards. The fruit of the plum was harmed most seriously, the peach was harmed secondly and the apple was not harmed basically. The order of various traps'' effects in trapping was as follows: sticky type trap 1>sticky type trap 2>bottled trap.

试验以3年生桃树(瑞蟠17号和瑞蟠21号)为试材,研究了袋控缓释肥施用量对土壤有效养分含量及桃树生长结果的影响,结果表明:袋控缓释肥的施用量影响袋控缓释肥养分释放,试验前期(5~6月)每袋袋控缓释肥养分释放量随着肥料施用量的增大而降低,3袋/株处理比5袋/株和7袋/株处理释放量分别高13.95%和22.37%;试验中后期(7~9月)各处理养分释放量总体下降,8~9月份3袋/株处理均显著低于其他处理。土壤有效养分(无机氮、有效磷和速效钾)含量随施肥量增大而提高,0~40 cm土壤有效养分含量较高,受施肥量的影响明显,处理间差异更显著。对中熟蟠桃品种瑞蟠17号而言,在植株快速生长期,5袋/株处理新梢生长量最大,叶片叶绿素含量最高;果实产量和品质最高,果实产量分别比3袋/株、7袋/株和空白处理高22.2%、26.4%和48.4%;而对于晚熟蟠桃瑞蟠21号品种,7袋/株处理产量和品质最高,其产量分别比5袋/株、3袋/株和空白处理高18.5%、27.0%和37.7%。

Three-year-old peach trees ( Ruipan 17 and Ruipan 21 ) were used as materials to study the effects of application rate of bag-controlled release fertilizer on the contents of soil available nutrients and peach growth and fruiting.The results showed that the application rate of bag-controlled release fertilizer af-fected its nutrient releasing.From May to June, the release amount of nutrients decreased as the application rate of bag-controlled release fertilizer increased.The nutrient release amount of the treatment with 3 bags per plant increased by 13.95%and 22.37%respectively compared to that of treatments with 5 and 7 bags per plant.In the middle and later period ( from July to September) , the nutrient release amounts of all treatments declined overall, and that of treatment with 3 bags per plant was significantly lower than that of the other treat-ments from August to September.The contents of soil available nutrients ( nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potass